Nirvana - Nevermind :: essays research papers fc

History of Rock and RollThere possibly isnt an phonograph album in history that is as musical style defining as nirvanas Nevermind. Released in 1991, it single handedly was responsible for the birth of what became to be known as malicious gossip and has bypast on to sell over 10 million copies in the United States alone (Stuessy, Joe). It reached number 1 in 1991 and was the first album to bring Seattle grunge to the mainstream audience (Stuessy, Joe). Nevermind is a mix of slow, pitiful vocals and fast paced grunge contestation airs. With its grinding guitars, pounding drums, and lead singer, Kurt Cobains distinctive voice, Nevermind found a distinctive flair to fuse utility(a) punk with 70s rock (Nirvana, Nevermind). The biggest influential song on Nirvanas Nevermind album was the first song, Smells Like teenaged Spirit. It reached number 6 on the Top 40 Charts. This song was groundbreaking for Nirvana and the alternative music scene as a whole. After the release of Sm ells Like Teen Spirit, white, middle-class youth of the United States in the end had a style of music to call their own and express their teenage anthems (Stuessy, Joe). This was the first song to emerge from alternative rock and to be known in the mainstream of rock and roll, expressing their generations expectations, ...here we are now, entertain us(Stuessy, Joe). Smells like Teen Spirit was Curt Cobains attempt to write the ultimate come forth song(Nevermind, Nirvana). He used the soft-loud dynamics of his favorite band, the Pixies. The insidious hooks also showed his admiration for the Beatles toilette Lennon(Nevermind, Nirvana). The style used in this song is simple, plain, loud, and straight-forward. Musically, there is nothing very innovative or difficult. However, the reason it is important to rock history is because it brought Americas attention to the once before surreptitious style of grunge. A driving drum beat, powered by Novelseks rhythmic bass, and a memorable gui tar tack and solo, mix perfectly with Kurt Cobains demoralise yet humorous lyrics (Kastner, Patrick). While it has certainly been overplayed in the past years, it is still an essential part of Rock history. capture As You Are and Polly showcase that Nirvana were not only a band interested in seeing people jump up and low and scream at shows. Many people, fans and celebrities resembling consider Polly to be Kurt Cobains most well written song. Polly, number six, is a story of a young lady who got molested and tortured and sexually abused.Nirvana - Nevermind essays research papers fc History of Rock and RollThere possibly isnt an album in history that is as genre defining as Nirvanas Nevermind. Released in 1991, it single handedly was responsible for the birth of what became to be known as grunge and has gone on to sell over 10 million copies in the United States alone (Stuessy, Joe). It reached number 1 in 1991 and was the first album to bring Seattle grunge to the mainstre am audience (Stuessy, Joe). Nevermind is a mix of slow, dark songs and fast paced grunge rock songs. With its grinding guitars, pounding drums, and lead singer, Kurt Cobains distinctive voice, Nevermind found a distinctive way to fuse alternative punk with 70s rock (Nirvana, Nevermind). The biggest influential song on Nirvanas Nevermind album was the first song, Smells Like Teen Spirit. It reached number 6 on the Top 40 Charts. This song was groundbreaking for Nirvana and the alternative music scene as a whole. After the release of Smells Like Teen Spirit, white, middle-class youth of the United States finally had a style of music to call their own and express their teenage anthems (Stuessy, Joe). This was the first song to emerge from alternative rock and to be known in the mainstream of rock and roll, expressing their generations expectations, ...here we are now, entertain us(Stuessy, Joe). Smells like Teen Spirit was Curt Cobains attempt to write the ultimate pop song(Nevermind, Nirvana). He used the soft-loud dynamics of his favorite band, the Pixies. The insidious hooks also showed his admiration for the Beatles John Lennon(Nevermind, Nirvana). The style used in this song is simple, plain, loud, and straight-forward. Musically, there is nothing very innovative or difficult. However, the reason it is important to rock history is because it brought Americas attention to the once before underground style of grunge. A driving drum beat, powered by Novelseks rhythmic bass, and a memorable guitar riff and solo, mix perfectly with Kurt Cobains depressing yet humorous lyrics (Kastner, Patrick). While it has certainly been overplayed in the past years, it is still an essential part of Rock history. Come As You Are and Polly showcase that Nirvana were not only a band interested in seeing people jump up and down and scream at shows. Many people, fans and celebrities alike consider Polly to be Kurt Cobains most well written song. Polly, number six, is a story of a gi rl who got molested and tortured and sexually abused.

The Death of the Pepsi Man :: Creative Writing Essays

The Death of the Pepsi Man One day while lost in the vast woodlands of Scotland, I came upon a pop motorcar, I had no money, and because of my strong moral values, I felt I couldnot force it open with a stick or break it with a rock, because that was wrong.As I sat there leaning against it, I pondered how I could get a refreshing canof pop. I got up and looked around to find a coin or a bill that someone mighthave left or lost. After five or six hours I gave up, no one had droppedanything that I could find. By this time it was now nightfall, so I sleptleaning against this oasis. While asleep, I had a wondrous dream of this pop forge. I dreamed that it opened up and asked me to indulge in a coldrefreshing drink. Another dream I had was where either five minutes the machinegave me a can from now until eternity. When I awoke I jumped up and turned around to see if any of the dreamswere true. I quick saw that they were not. I decided that I could not leavethis place until I had enjoye d a can of pop. By the 3rd day, I had to scout for fodder and water because I was feeling malnourished. As I walked around I found asnack machine the kind with many divine foods wrong such as candy bar and chips,but still no way to eat them. I stayed here until morning trying to rig atransport of some sort for it. I cut a tree down and made 4 wheels andeventually a cart to support the machine and than to transport the machine tothe other. This was such a great task, I forgot about my hunger. By dusk I hadarrived back at the pop machine. As I set the candy machine next to the popmachine, my hunger came back even stronger than before Once again, I knew Icould not break into the machine to eat, again my strong moral values. So Iwent out again in search of food and water. As my walk progressed I found a stream and I took a drink and ate manyfish, then thought that I should of cooked them first. On my way back, I gotlost and had to sleep beneath a foreign tree and try to find my way ho me at daybreak. As I tried to find my way home, I found another machine.

Works of Howard Phillips Lovecraft Essay -- Howard Phillips Lovecraft

Works of Howard Phillips LovecraftIt is morning on August 20, 1890 and the world of literature is just about to change, though it will not ensure just how much so for decades. It is on this morning that a precocious child, Howard Phillips Lovecraft, is born. Lovecraft would begin his writing career at the tender age of six with his scam story The Noble Eavesdropper. He would grow up to be well read and well learned (he was producing scientific journals for his friends at age nine), despite neer finishing high school (Joshi para 1- 4). Now, nearly three quarters of a century after his death, he still warps the genres of horror, science fiction, and fantasy. His influence lavatory be felt in the creations of Robert Bloch (Psycho), Stephen King (The Dark Half, et al), Neil Gaiman (Sandman, The Day I Sold My Dad for Two Fish), and Alan Moore (Watchmen, From Hell). (Wikipedia Lovecraft para 1-2) How can one man influence so many, and not just in the genres of fiction? A simple internet search will reveal site after site dedicate to the works of HP Lovecraft, the creatures of his creation, and the mysterious Necronomicon. This last is especially interesting as many of those sites recount the significance of this tome to magical and spiritual endeavors. In fact, books claiming to be English translations can be purchased online and in bookstores. It is, of course, purely fictitious. The writer of the tome, one Abdul Alhazred, was a name that Lovecraft had created at the age of five because of his fascination with Arabian Nights. (Straub 831) So what is it about his works that they have such an effect that people would believe a work of fiction to be real? Could he indeed be a conduit of greater myster... ...e faith. BibliographyFonda, Marc. Fondas Jung Notes Summary of Jungs Psychology. Notes on CG Jung. 8 celestial latitude 1996. 6 December 2005. Joshi, S.T. Howard Phillips Lovecraft The Life of a Gentleman of Provid ence. The HP Lovecraft Archive. 13 April 2004. 6 December 2005. Lovecrafts Influence In Popular Culture from Lovecraft. WikiPedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 5 December 2005. 6 December 2005. Lowell, Mark. Lovecrafts CTHULHU MYTHOS. Explicator Fall 2004. 6 December 2005. Database Academic Search Premier. P 48Monomyth. WikiPedia, the Free Encyclopedia. 6 December 2005. 6 December 2005. Straub, Peter ed. HP Lovecraft Tales. New York Literary Classics of the United States, 2005. pg 831 and textual matter quotations for The Thing on the Doorstep

The Decameron by Giovanni Boccaccio Essay -- Literary Analysis

You are to look upon this grim opening as travelers on foot up confront a steep, rugged band beyond it lies a most enrapturing plain which they appreciate all the more for having toiled up and down the mountain first, (Boccaccio, pg. 7). The Decameron, by Giovanni Boccaccio embodies this verse. Until this time period, religion guided society like an invisible hand pushing everyone along. Through emerge many generation religion evolved. From polytheism to monotheism, form idols to churches, bulk leaned on the virtues that religion presented, and led their lives accordingly. Everyone learned to submit themselves to the church service as they were too scared to pave their own virtuous way. Instead of using the Church as a guide they surrendered themselves completely becoming monkeys in the face of emperors. The Pope was no longer a messenger of God rather he was God-like himself for he too held scores of lives in his hands. The power that the sacred rulers grasped deceived them of their trustworthy abilities they now acted as if they were gods despite their limiting human capabilities. The Popes now used virtues to energise supremacy, opposed to using authority as an instrument to spread morality. Giovanni Boccaccio wishes to lift the veil and expose the church for what they have become. Using Satire he exposes the true actions of those in command. Though the road in revealing the corruption of the Church is jagged and rocky it allows for a new beginning. It allows everyone to discover a most enchanting plain. While many praise Boccaccio for his disclosure of the Church there still are menacing effects of such an action. He boots the Church off of its radix leaving an open seat for the next ruler. While the church may have been crooked Bo... ...ety to a better world was convoluted and crooked. Boccaccio laid out many examples and effects that the church had on civilization in hopes to overcome the fraudulent society that everyone depended on. Life is abo ut living. Human competence has the ability to run the physical world and the spiritual world into one boulevard. Life is about experiencing freedom. Freedom to control ones actions, freedom to choose ones leader and freedom to grow past difficulties. In The Decameron, Boccaccio tried to give everyone their freedom back. Bibliography Alchin, Linda. Middle Ages. Middle Ages. Online. September 20 2006 16 December 2010. incarnation . Avatar The Journey Continues. Online. 2010 16 December 2010.Boccaccio, Giovanni. The Decameron. New York Oxford, 1998.

The Tale of Troy :: essays research papers

Book ReportThe Tale of troy was written by Padraic Colum, it has 132 pages, and takes place in the ancient islands of Greece. The Tale of Troy is a fiction story.Even though Athena and Poseidon helped the Greeks during the Trojan War, Athena turns against the Greeks and convinces Poseidon to do the same. The Greeks are hit by storms on the way home and m any ships are destroyed and the fleet is scattered. The war and his troubles at sea keep Odysseus away from Ithaka, for twenty years. While he was gone, his son, Telemachus, has grown into a man, and his wife, Penelope, is overwhelmed by wooers who regard Odysseus is dead. While Poseidon is away from Olympus, Penelope convinces the other gods to help Odysseus return home. In disguise in Ithaka, she convinces Telemachus to look for his father. Telemachus goes to Pylos and discoverys out that Odysseus is being held prisoner by Calypso. genus Zeus orders that Odysseus be allowed to go home so he leaves on a raft. When he is almost ho me, Poseidon sees him and sends a storm that sinks his raft. Ino helps Odysseus by giving him her veil which protects him from any harm in the water. After two days of swimming, Odysseus reaches the Phaeacians and their kind king, Alcinos. The kings daughter, Nausica, finds Odysseus and takes him to the king. Odysseus tells how he and his man first saw the Lotus-Eaters, then they docked in movement of a cave to search for food. There is wine, food, and pens full of sheep in the cave, but the caves owner, the colossus Cyclops Polyphemus, comes back and seals the cave with a giant boulder. Odysseus planned to escape by giving Polyphemus wine until he passed out. The men poke out the monsters only eye. Polyphemus cant find the men and finally rolls the boulder that was blocking the cave and puts his arms in front of it to catch the men as they try to run outside. Odysseus thought Polyphemus cleverness do this so they hang onto the undersides of the sheep as they go out to pasture. When the men passed the entrance, Polyphemus felt only the sheeps backs and the men escaped. Aeolus, the keeper of the Winds, gave Odysseus a leather arouse that holds all the storm winds as a gift. Odysseus can sail home safely as long as he keeps the bag closed, but his crew opened the bag, that started a storm that blew them to the land of the Laestrygons, cannibals who destroy every ship in the fleet except one.

The Tale of Troy :: essays research papers

Book ReportThe Tale of Troy was written by Padraic Colum, it has 132 pages, and takes place in the ancient islands of Greece. The Tale of Troy is a fiction story. eve though Athena and Poseidon helped the Greeks during the Trojan War, Athena turns against the Greeks and convinces Poseidon to do the same. The Greeks are hit by rages on the way groundwork and many ships are destroyed and the pass on is scattered. The war and his troubles at sea keep Odysseus away from Ithaka, for twenty years. While he was gone, his son, Telemachus, has grown into a man, and his wife, genus Penelope, is overwhelmed by wooers who think Odysseus is dead. While Poseidon is away from Olympus, Penelope convinces the other gods to help Odysseus return home. In disguise in Ithaka, she convinces Telemachus to look for his father. Telemachus goes to Pylos and finds out that Odysseus is being held prisoner by Calypso. Zeus orders that Odysseus be allowed to go home so he leaves on a raft. When he is almost h ome, Poseidon sees him and sends a storm that sinks his raft. Ino helps Odysseus by giving him her veil which protects him from any harm in the water. by and by two days of swimming, Odysseus reaches the Phaeacians and their kind king, Alcinos. The kings daughter, Nausica, finds Odysseus and takes him to the king. Odysseus tells how he and his crew first saw the Lotus-Eaters, then they docked in front of a cave to attempt for food. There is wine, food, and pens full of sheep in the cave, but the caves owner, the giant Cyclops Polyphemus, comes back and seals the cave with a giant boulder. Odysseus planned to escape by giving Polyphemus wine until he passed out. The men poke out the monsters only eye. Polyphemus cant find the men and finally rolls the boulder that was blocking the cave and puts his arms in front of it to catch the men as they try to run outside. Odysseus thought Polyphemus might do this so they stick onto the undersides of the sheep as they go out to pasture. Whe n the men passed the entrance, Polyphemus felt only the sheeps backs and the men escaped. Aeolus, the keeper of the Winds, gave Odysseus a leather sack that holds all the storm winds as a gift. Odysseus can sail home safely as long as he keeps the bag closed, but his crew opened the bag, that started a storm that blew them to the land of the Laestrygons, cannibals who destroy every ship in the fleet except one.

Ethics & people Essay

The question of ethics is particularly important for a person who is both part of society and works with a group. The development of community and bodied self is impossible without the struggle of opposing ideas and positions, and the collision of different points of views and opinions through which it is possible to overcome contradictions and disagreements. The relationship within a team works in a mirror-system where members can see their behavior reflected in their interaction with other people. An example of this can be seen when group members introduce themselves to each other.Usually, group members guess how they will act depending on how the first person introducing will build them feel. If they feel comfortable with the personality of that person, they will also act naturally. However, if they feel menace or intimidated, they will also exhibit signs of such. Understanding this particular group dynamic is important in maintaining relationships in the workplace. Once membe rs extrapolate this, they start to form their own group values/culture of which good ethics is a foundation.The presence of group ethics and values can lead to the success of a group especially in diffusing departures to maintain decorum and maintain work ethic (Green 2006). I want to point out an experience I had in which I acted unethically within a group. This instance happened last semester when I took a class in Entrepreneurship and got into an argument with a groupmate while prep for a project entitled Blue Ocean Strategy. I was driveing to convince him that my side was right. I was on the verge of tears that I raised my voice and walked out on him, slamming the door as I left.In retrospect, I realized that I reacted unethically to the situation. Since I was part of a team, my actions disrupted the group and affected our work ethic. But what was I to do? Keep quiet withal though I had a good steer for the group? Let my idea be discarded without me fighting for it? I hav e tried to unspoiltify my actions as a way for me to assert myself, to make my groupmate realize that I was trying to contribute to the group. This, however, did not change the fact that my outburst affected my groups opinion of me. Now I understand that to act ethically is to act sedately in resolving conflicts.In defending my ideas, I have to be careful to exude confidence calmly and not arrogantly. Being aggressive and arrogant creates a negative feeling within the group. It is also important to choose words carefully when dragged into a conflict. It is even better if I keep my silence even if my groupmate is goading me. I should calm myself and wait for my partner to calm down too before we try and solve the problem. The Chinese philosopher Sun Tzu in his book The Art of War shared that it is best to win without fighting (Tzu 1).Thus, the real winner of any conflict is the one who is able to prevent it from the start. It is an important exercise to weigh factors first before ge tting into a conflict. What have I got to gain? To lose? , pass on these actions lead to a solution for the group or for myself? These are the questions that I will ask myself before I confront any one, not just members of my group. Conflicts will always arise whenever people get together. What is important is how the group will conk out together to resolve such issues.Even though groups move in different contexts, whether political, social, industrial or domestic, the strategies to conflict management are grounded on one, same idea. We should always act and behave ethically and not permit emotions seize our actions. Works Cited Green, Daryl. Understanding Group and Personal Ethics. Nu Leadership Series. 2006. EzineArticles. com. Web. 21 July 2010. http//ezinearticles. com/? Understanding- Group- and-Personal-EthicsNu-Leadership-Series&id=419973 Tzu, Sun. The Art of War. Trans. Shawn Conners and Lionel Giles. Texas el Paso Norte

Music Copying Essay

Everyone should admit that he or she, at one point or a nonher, has copied music or movies from TVs or downloaded music and videos from the internet. Everyone knows it is illegal and wrong ethically, but very few follow the regulations that outline the practice to be illegal (Moore). Artists have licensed and assume righted their music and videos and when individuals go ahead and copy to be their own for selling it is overtly illegal and unethical. It is possible for one to borrow a CD and wassail the music. Upon finishing up with it he or she should return the CD.However, most individuals go ahead and copy the music into their computers, for their own or in sometimes fashioning copies of music CDs and selling them. This adds to pain to the music producers and even artists themselves. The artists and the music producers go at a loss since the music they produce and int dismiss to sell end up going to waste and cannot be compensated for their efforts (Moore). The main reason why pe ople do these activities is because they see it being done by psyche else. When a friend sees another copying music into his or her computer, he or she also wants to have a copy of the same music.They do these not knowing what impact they are causing to the real owners of the music. Another reason why people copy other peoples music without permit is because they know the real owners of this music are so far from them. Therefore, they know that even if they copy their music, the owners leave not catch up with them so as to sue them (Moore). Generally, copying of music is a global problem and it has been a great challenge to the artists and producers. This is because before they sell the music to the customers, most of the music consumers will already be having these songs with them.This has been blamed on technology since once the music has been produced, it is uploaded in the internet and some cyber pirates go ahead and download the music, to sell it at a lower price than the re al price. Governments have tried their best to control these actions of music buccaneering but it has never been successful. The solution of music piracy lies in individual behavior and discipline. Work Cited Moore, Charles W. Is music piracy stealing? Applelinks, August 8 2003. Web July 16, 2010 from http//www. applelinks. com/mooresviews/pirate. shtml

My Christmas and New Years Vacation Essay

On my new years and Christmas vacation started off bad but towards the end it became skillful. I had a passel of fun spending time with my family to be honest. We ate to much like Golden Coral , Cookies and milk , and The Christmas dinner. On Christmas Eve night we had the cookies and milk at one time you but the cookies in your mouth they were so moist soon as they touch the tip of your tongue. On Christmas we went to golden corral and it seem like they attention deficit hyperactivity disorder more food in the buffet to be honest. For some reason it was many types of smells. When we went to the stroll, and soon as I walked in the mall aroma of the mall smelled like Topsy. On new years it seem like it was like a ghost of fireworks walking up and down through the streets. In the stomach there was a smell of a vanilla candle that really smelled.Out of all of the incredible smells that I had taken in there was a bad smell awaiting for me and that was the smell of chitlins, wooo th at smell is nothing nice. Thankful my mama knows has to keep that awful smell down. When the day seems long I would lie in my comfortable bed. I was able to go everyplace to one of my cousins house which was a cool thing to get away from the house. I would just lie there and pet on the dogs soft furrier coat. Once that was over back to the home front it was good to see my little brother.I gave him a hug and a rub on his curly soft hair. While on break the mass of the century was amazing. Just watching it comes down and hitting the ground was a pretty sight. Then to watch some of the kids out playing making snowmen was a expectant sight also. What wasnt a great sight was seeing the news and watching how people were wrecking their cars. After, seeing all that pretty snow the sight is not a good look now its dirty looking Listening to the good music and hearing laughter filled my total vacation. Watching my family sit down talking and playing cards was great. It was nice seeing ev eryone getting along was good laughter to my heart. Just having family together over my break bring all the laughter this world can give. .

Older people in the society Essay

According to Roberts (1970) elderly large number atomic number 18 the whole of a generation who sacrifice survived to a certain age. They be non a deviant group or mavin small special section of the population. They are ordinary people who happen to permit reached a particular age. There are several assumptions made ab prohibited experienceder people and their health. The first is that increasing age is ever accompanied by increasing frailty and disability. As a result, the increasing numbers of one-time(a) people in society are usually seen as a societal and economic burden (Le Grand 1993). The second assumption is that age is that age is always accompanied by ill health. The negative images of aging and older people ignore be all pervasive and influence decisions fareive the health and social carefulness of older people which may not necessarily be in their best interest. As per the survey of United States census burro, in the year 2010, 30.8% of total population i n Europe was older people aged over 65 years old. Among these, 8.4 percent over 75 years old and 4.9 percent were aged 80 or more than 80 years old. In the year 1990 it was 6.1% and 3.2% respectively, when the total old age population was 23% of total population. These figures prove that the old age population is increasing, and the problems connect to old age as well. The first part of this assignment discusses just about common issues related to old age. This part mainly foc spends on the physical, mental and social problems of senior citizens. Then it goes through some(prenominal) wistful aspects of author.For that I pass through the theories and feigns of reflection also constitute an attempt to compare different types of reflection. in the long run I examine iodine of my own beds with an older individual, by using one of the contemplative rides. Statistics shows that at that place will be an enormous increase in the ageing population over the following(a) 20 year , oddly in those aged over 75, who will suffer most from illness, or some shield of disability. The population of Great Britain and most other countries is growing older and although this trend has largely been ignored for 2 centauries, it is now regarded as a major semipolitical and economic challenge for the future. This is because the last 30years seen a significant increase in the population of both number and proportion of people aged 65 and over. The sterling(prenominal) growth has been in those people aged 85 and over. The world population of older people over 65 will increase more than doubly as fast as the total population of the world duringthe period 1996-2000. In e rattling region, the population over 75 will increase at an even faster rate and those over 80 will increase faster of all. There are many health problems related to old age. As per the sentiment of Hodkinson (1975) older people differ in three major ways from the young in the type and number of distemp ers and accidents, in their reaction to disease and in special features to do with their background (Hodkinson, 1975).They often have a multiplicity of diseases, partly accounted for by the accumulation of non-lethal diseases such as osteoarthritis and deafness. They are more likely to fall than any other age groups, except the under-fives, often with serious consequences. (Department of trade and industry, 1995). Heart disease and stroke are particularly prevalent in old age and the majority of all deaths from heart disease and stroke occur in those aged 65 years and above.Whereas, as a recent study has shown, prevalence rates of most of the major health related behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, sexual behavior and diet were commonly lower among older people (DoH central health monitoring unit, 2006). Psychological or emotional disorders in old people are overly common, Older people themselves may be unwilling to seek help or reveal their feelings to others due to a fear of stigma or a lack of cheatledge about the help available to them. Chronic diseases, psychological changes, malnutrition and medication can exacerbate psychological problems in the elderly. Poor eye sight, unforesightful hearing and slower reactions all contributes to a lack of confidence and increased social isolation for some older people. Dementia and depression are the both general psychological disorders in elderly among this dementia is a higher prevalence.According to Victor (1989) it is difficult to accurately estimate the incidence of dementia inside the population because of the problem of diagnosis, although unreliable evidence may lead us to believe that most of the population over the age of 65 years is unrestrained. Aside from the physical and emotional influences accompanying aging, growing old can be a time of social and economic change. For some people in their 50s can be a rich and rewarding time where they can enjoy the fruits of their labors, hand over responsibility for their children and look forward to enjoying in the alto dragher tasks or activities (Gavilan, 1992). For others it may not be such a positive experience, furbish uped by redundancy, financial insecurity,bereavement and the physical manifestations of aging. Retirement does not only affect an older persons income but can also have a detrimental effect upon their social contact and status. Most of them consider solitude as a cultivate of loss loss of income, loss of status, and loss of purpose and routine. In this situation, Jerromes (1991) opinion sounds very relevant, he said that there seems to be a paradoxical situation where the state provides money and support for those who are considered too old for employment while those who are receiving the benefits would be happier carrying out a job of any kind. Caring older people is a challenging process, as it is different from caring a younger. When caring an older person it is necessary to observe them well to u nderstand their feelings and emotions. Reflective thinking will help a health practitioner to achieve this.When reflection is considered as an telling tool in clinical example, one should have a basic knowledge about the meaning of reflection. In fact, defining the terms proves challenging for anyone pursuance to make clear the nature of reflection. There have been number of attempts, to define the term reflection by authors, poets and philosophers alike. Among those interpretations, a definition presented by Johns (johns 199524) is literally very near to the word reflection he explained reflection as the practitioners capability to evaluate, make sense of and learn through personal experience in order to secure more attractive, useful and satisfying work. Moreover, reflective practice has been developed in health care, especially in nursing, as a way of gaining and building up on that experienced knowledge. Before using Reflection as a tool in clinical practice one should (B .J. Taylor 20003) throw back of thoughts and memories, in cognitive acts such as thinking , contemplation, meditation and any other form of helpful considerations in order to make sense of them and to make appropriate changes if they are required. As per this suggestion concurs should analyze their day to day practice and secure the valuable knowledge to allay their future practice. In other words, as an American philosopher Dewey (1963) suggested that one has to learn by doing and realizing what came of what they did.In searchingdifferent studies and opinions about the process reflection, we can notice out different opinions about the aspects, styles and ways of using reflection as a tool in professional practice. Schon (1983) offered two main aspects of reflective practice those are being reflection on action and reflection in action. Reflection on action is a recollection process of thinking and meditating on an action with the aim of making sense of the incident and using the re sults to improve future doings. It would be helpful, if nurses and health care workers make this theory real in their clinical practice. But the next one, reflection in action is quite strange and had some arguments around it. As per the opinion of greenwood (1998) reflection cannot be recognize before action. In contradiction, Reed and Procter (1993) said that, reflective thinking about a situation, which is likely to happen, in advance is an grand precursor to introduce clinical leadership and supervision. In other words thinking through a particular situation may help to make a prediction and deem a chance to take some precautions for a future occurring issue.When considering the role of reflection in nursing profession, Taylor (2004) suggested that reflection can be used as a system of thinking which helps the nurses to maintain vigilance in caring especially when caring an older person. Freshwater (2002) raised almost similar opinion he said that, reflection helps to encoura ge a holistic, individualized approach to care. When go through these opinions, we can understand that reflection helps a lot to bowl over good care to the patient by productively making rapid changes in the clinical approach, in other words, it provides an opportunity for a rapid and imperfect tense refocusing of work activity (Smyth, 1992). Before I make an attempt to assess my reflective account, which has given me a different outlook about old age, I should choose one model of reflection to analyze my experience. There are few theories, help one to explore his/or her clinical experiences or some incidents in which they have taken part a role of a leader, such as Gibbs(1988) model of reflection, Johns model of reflection and Driscolls model of structured reflection.Comparing these models, Gibbs and Drisolls(2000) models raises some questions that are focused on describing, analyzing, evaluating one personal experience and reach a conclusion, fromwhich finally makes an action pl an for the future. though Johns (2002) model appears more complicated and passing through lot of self examine questions, this model fails to draw an action plan which is considered as the vital process of reflective thinking. Even though Gibbs and Drissolls models are almost like in frame work I like to choose Gibbs model as it gives me a chance to recollect my feelings and thoughts about my experience, as well as evaluate the good and bad about it. Since we are human beings it is important that our thoughts and feelings are to be memorized and evaluated, according to Taylor (2006) humans have the ability to think and to think about passed emotions, as we are offered with the gifts of memory and reflection. I believe that Gibbs model has a good frame work and moreover, for me, it is easily applicable in my experience as it is straightforward in nature and it allows me to answer the questions that arise from the practicalities of my clinical experiences.Here I make an attempt to ass ess one of the main issues of old age on the basis of my own personal experience. I do like to choose Gibbs model as a criterion to analyze it. In the first cadence, as per Gibbss model of reflection, description of the solvent includes, what was the event? Where it happened? Who were with you then? What you did? And what were the results and draw backs the description of my reflective experience is that while I was working in a psychiatric hospital in India, where I have got many different experiences with older people. I considerer all of them as my reflective accounts and it all help me to understand the old age and its complications. The incident is that, there was one patient in our ward he was about 78 years and had some psychological problems. He was very calm and quite almost any time, but occasionally he became very aggressive and violent. In that hospital, a custom was prevailing that inform relatives when a patient become very aggressive. So we used to inform his relat ives when he got out of control.After meeting with his son or daughter, his condition would have become significantly normal. And he seemed very riant and homy with them. But when they left him there, he was again going back to a depressed mood. When I noticed this events many times I was in truth interested in that patient and I tried to make a good relationship with him. Finally I succeed he used to tell with me a loteven about his thoughts and feelings. And one day he told me that he really did not have any serious psychological disorders. He was acted as a psychotic person so that he could see his family. And he told me that he really did missing them. He never liked to be there. It was one of my mind blowing experiences I encountered during my clinical practice. The reflective account I explained above point out to one of the main problems of old age which is zero but loneliness, Social seclusion and loneliness have long been recognized as problems linked with old age (She ldon 1948 Halmos 1952).Loneliness has been defined as an unpleasant emotion state in which the older person feels apart from others. As I completed the description of the event, I go in to the next process feelings. In this stage one should recall the situation and try to find out that what he/she thought and felt when they went through the experience? Considering my reflective experience, there were many thoughts passed through my mind. Old age is certain for every human being. Everyone has to pass through that period. At that time I thought about his feelings. He big businessman have been working hard to raise his children, but when he became unproductive he was thrown to the miseries of loneliness. I felt empathy to the patient because later on I came to know him more I could thoroughly understand his feelings. And I thought about the reasons of the seclusion of old age.The third stage is evaluation. As per this stage I should evaluate my experience and find out the good and ba d about it. When driving back my memory through my reflective experience, I can say that the main good aspect of that situation was that I could be a good listener of that man. I think he might have experienced some relief when he shared his burden of feelings with me. That awareness gave me a great amount of satisfaction. Moreover I could realize some skills which must have possessed a care worker such as patience and being a good listener, which I had never recognise until then. One the other hand, there are some bad aspects too I could find out. Even though I had been working in the same department for about six months I was a little late to realise his problems, I had to find out his feeling of loneliness earlier. It shows, at that time, I have lack of ability to identify the problems of the patients.Analysis of the event is the next stage. In this stage I have to think about what sense can be made of the situation which I faced. The first sense which I could make about this in cident is that the main reason of the psychological problems present in older people is because of their social seclusion and loneliness. And the important thing I learned from this incident is the severity of loneliness in older people. They would even act as insane to get rid of their loneliness. They need rather love and care than treatment. As per the Gibbs frame work conclusion is the next stage. In this step I conceder my faults which I had got when I deal with that incident. In that sense I could have realised the patients problem of loneliness earlier. If I came to know about this earlier I could invite the attention of his relatives to this issue. Now I understand that it is necessary to mingle with them and caring them in order to make them comfortable in the surroundings of an old age home. The final and important stage is action plan. Here I should think about what I would do if I go through the same situation.Undoubtedly I would act differently because, now I know the d raw backs of old age and what they are expecting from others. So if i would be in the same situation I would understand the problem of the patient earlier and help him reduce his feeling of loneliness. following(a) time I would find out more ways to escape the older patients from being lonely. In order to achieve this, encourage them to busy with some hobbies or learning some new skills, such as the use of the computers. I think they would enjoy learning computers and having great fun sharing their new skill. The next and important thing is that, I have to improve my communication skills. I would make sure that all the elderly inmates in my ward get communicated and listen to their problems. I will consider this as one of my important responsibilities in the clinical area, Because Duffy. K. and Hardicre (2007) suggested that Caring for the elderly patients is a necessary element of the nurses role as well as a professional commitment. In conclusion, loneliness is the major issue of old age. It is different from solitude because older people can be lonely while living with other people such as residential care. Loneliness can be a symptom of depression but can be prevented by the encouragement of physicaland mental activity and being socially active the saying use it or lose it cannot be overemphasised. After all, when considering this essay as my reflective writing, it helps me to secure more awareness about my caring older people. Besides that I have got a clear out look about using models and theories to analyses my experiences. Finally, this reflective thinking makes me more confident to face and deal with difficult situations. reference work ListDepartment of trade and industry consumer rubber eraser unit (1995) home accident surveillance system report on 1993 accident data and safety research, DTI, capital of the United Kingdom. Dewey, J. (1963) Experience and education, New York Collier books.87-89. DOH central health monitoring unit (1996) health rela ted behavior an epidemiological over view, HMSO, London. Driscoll, J. (2000) practicing clinical supervision, London Bailliere Tindall. Duffy, K. Hardicre, J. (2007) Supporting failing students in practice 1 assessment, Nursing Times, 10(4) 28-29. Freshwater, D. (2002) Therapeutic nursing improving patient care through reflection, London Sage. Gavilan, H. (1992) care in the community for older housebound people institutional living in our own home? Critical public health, 3(4) 18-23. Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by Doing A guide to teaching and learning method Further Education Unit, Oxford Oxford Brookes University. Greenwood, J. (1998) The role of reflection in single and double loop learning, Journal of innovative nursing practice, 27(5) 1048-53. Halmos, Paul (1952) Solitude and Privacy A Study of Social Isolation, Its Causes and Therapy. London.Hodkinsin, H. (1975) an outline of geriatrics, academic press, London. Jerrome, D. (1991) social bonds in later life. Social and psycholog ical gerontology, clinical gerontology, 1 297-306. Johns, C. (1995) Framing learning through reflection within carpers fundamental ways of knowing in nursing. Journal of in advance(p) nursing, 22 226-34. Johns, C. (2002) Guided reflection Advancing practice, Oxford Blackwell science. Le Grand, J, (1993) can we afford the welfare state? British medical journal 307(6911) 1018-1019. Reed, J. and Procter, S. (1993) Nurse education areflective approach, London Edward Arnold. Roberts, N. (1970) our future selves care of the elderly, Allen and Unwin, London. Schon, D. (1983) The reflective practitioner how practitioners think in action, New York Basic books. Sheldon, J. H. (1948) The Social Medicine of Old Age history of an Inquiry in Wolverhampton, Oxford University Press, London.Smyth, J. (1992) Teachers work and the politics of reflection, American education research journal, 29(2) 267-300. Taylor, B. (2004) Technical, practical and emancipator reflection for practicing holistically, Journal of holistic nursing, 22(1) 73-84. Taylor, B. J. (2003) Emancipator reflective practice for overcoming complexities and constraints in holistic health care, Sacred space, 4(2) 40-5. Taylor, B. J. (2006) Reflective Practice A guide for nurses and mid wives, 2nd edn. UK Open University press, Milton Keyness. Victor, C. (1989) the myth of the woopie scantness and affluence in later life, geriatric medicine, (19)12 22, 25-2

Cations and Anion Lab Essay

IntroductionIn this experiment we depart be mixing two ionic compounds potassium chromate and lead nitrate twain are soluble in water. This will be demonstrating a double-replacement reaction/reactions between cations and anions. If a reaction does occur it will form a pass due to one of the red-hotly formed compounds non being soluble in water.Once the experiment was completed there was what appears to be a unhurt substance remaining in the test tube. This shows that a reaction occurred.Procedure1. Once in the ChemLab-Cations and anion reactions. You will need to obtain a 100mL beaker and 50mL of potassium chromate. This will be done by clicking on the Chemicals section of the toolbar, then selecting 1M Potassium Chromate, change the volume to 50mL, then select to add the Potassium Chromate to a new 100mL beaker.2. Next, you will need to left click on the beaker, then select Chemicals from the toolbar, select 1M Lead Nitrate, change the volume to 50mL (ensure that the window indicated that it will be hardened in the existing beaker.3. Now you will need to filter the precipitate. Obtain an Erlenmeyer flask and a Buchner funnel. This will be done by selecting from the Equipment section on the toolbar and selecting Erlenmeyer Flask-250mL. Next, right click on the flask and select Buchner Funnel. Right click on the beaker and select Pour/Decant. Move the beaker above the funnel and you will describe a white area at the bottom of the flask.4. Lastly, you will need to record the weight of the precipitate. Rightclick on the flask and select Buchner Funnel. A message will appear asking if An amount of solidness was found present in the filter, what action would you like to take?, select place solid into 50mL Test Tube. You will now see the Test Tube with the precipitate in the bottom, right click on the Test Tube and click on show weight, the weight of the precipitate will appear, record the weight.Observations and ResultsThere is a small amount of precipita te in the bottom of the test tube that appears discolour in color with some dots in the solution.Weight of filtered precipitate 16.160gDue to a reaction occurring between the cations and the anions this has caused a reaction, therefore creating a solid that is non water soluble.DiscussionWhen mixing the two ionic compounds potassium chromate and lead nitrate and then filtering the solution this revealed a solid substance that remained. This substance is not soluble in water hence it was left behind after filtering. This shows that a reaction occurred between the cations and anions.ConclusionThis lab represented a double-replacement reaction of the ionic compounds potassium chromate and lead nitrate. Once these compounds were mixed and then filtered it revealed a solid substance that remained. This confirms that a reaction occurred between the cations and anions, and ultimately formed a new substance.

India Government Essay

Imperialism began in India in the 1600s with the introduction of the East India Trade Company who placed trading posts at Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta. (British Imperialism in India, 2014). Prior to the arrival of EITC, the Mughal Empire was a larger and more reasonful kingdom than any other country in Europe. The touch of the Mughal Empire was in poorly populated northern region, the soil and river system in this area was perfect for farming, transporting and communicating. (A Case Study of British Imperialism in India, 2014). For virtually time, the EITC and Mughal were able to work cohesively together, but by 1707 the Mughal Empire had begun to crumble, and in 1757 Robert Clive, in alliance with the French, led troops to a victory over Indian forces at the Battle of Plassey. This made way for the EITC to become the primary power in India. (British Imperialism in India, 2014).The East India Trade Company grew quickly, with little interference from the British government, having its witness army called sepoys comprised of both Indian and British soldiers. India was considered the jewel in the crown due in part to the skills of its people and its vast producing land. Cotton cloth and crude(a) silk winding were in high demand for the company to export, as well as sugar, indigo dye and opium. (Marshall, 2014). The EITC calld religious force and economic power to take and maintain control of India. Demanding that Indian textile not be in competition with British goods and cash crops for the farmers.This in turn forced the natural people to experience economical loss and inability to feed themselves. Britain had taken a stand-off approach with Indian religion, but many felt that Indian customs duty were compromised with the increase in missionaries and racist attitude towards Indias way of life. By 1857, there was ever increasing unhappiness, leading to a mutiny among the Sepoy. The Sepoy army were instructed to use rifle cartridges that were greased with pig or cow fat. Because the ends of the cartridges needed to be bitten off before using, this was offensive to the Sepoy army, whose population was either Hindu or Muslim. Muslim belief is that pigs are unclean and Hindu whose belief is that cows are sacred. (Anderson, 2007).The Sepoy mutiny gave way to a new British government in India called Raj, who govern Indian until 1947. (British Imperialism in India, 2014).Part B Violent Revolution American RevolutionThe American Revolution was brought about by unhappy colonist who were against British taxes and sought independence from British rule. After winning the French and Indian War, King George II began to impose taxes on goods such as sugar and molasses that were brought in to the colonies with the Sugar Act of 1764. The Stamp Act (1765), required an official stamp on most transactions of colonial businesses. The colonist, unhappy with the taxes, and feeling that the British fantan was corrupt, began to speak out against the taxes, labeling the taxes as illegal because the people of the colonies were not represented in the British Parliament. No taxation without representation was the cry of the colonies, to which the Parliament replied with a new tax, the Townshend Act (1777), applied taxes to all imported glass, lead, paint, paper and tea. (American Revolution, 2014).The colonist, unhappy with the taxes, began to speak out against the taxes, labeling the taxes as illegal, because the colonies were not represented in the British Parliament. Refusal to knuckle under the Kings taxes lead the colonist to form a club called the Sons of Liberty. Members of the club broke into tax collectors homes, beat them and burned tax bills.In 1770, a battle amid the colonists and British soldiers took place in Boston, Massachusetts, known as the Boston Massacre, killing 5 colonists and injuring many more. Two British soldiers were found guilty of murder and punished precisely by having their thumbs burned. (The American R evolution , 2014). On July 4, 1776, the Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson was approved, showing England that America would become a free, independent county of British rule. (The American Revolution , 2014).Non Violent Revolution Indian Independence MovementThe cause of The Indian Independence Movement grew out of a nation in search of a way to free itself from British power and control. The goal of The Indian National Congress was to gain and maintain independence from the British forces. The Indian National Congress formed and held its first meeting in 1885, one of those in attendance was Mahatma Gandhi, who wouldbecome the leader of the group. At first, the NIC professed loyalty to the British, but with terra firma War 1 breaking out in 1914 and lasting until 1920, the NIC gradually became an opponent the British government. As the tolerance or the British decreased, the Indians strength increased. Indians began to cook that the British were not such a fo rce to be reckoned with. (Indian Independence Movement, 2014).B1. StrategyBattles between the colonies and the British were full of conventional warfare and guerrilla warfare. guerilla warfare consists of spontaneous, individual acts of sabotage. Francis Marion, the Swamp Fox used guerilla warfare against the British, using bands of troops in caring size to prevent the British from forum supplies, and harassing the small outposts and forts. (Joes, 1996).The INC, under the leadership of Gandhi conducted major campaigns to draw attention to Indians human and civil rights. courteous disobedience in the form of a non-violent protests and marches were formed. The Civil Disobedience Campaign of 1919-1922 was a boycott of British cloth, The Salt Satyagraha, a non-violent protest against the tax applied to salt. Gandhi was arrested by the British, who thought it would stop the movement, however it only increased in participants and forced the British government to discuss the possibility of Indian independence. (The Indian Independence Struggle , 2014).ReferencesA Case Study of British Imperialism in India. (2014, July 13). Retrieved from Modern World History http//webs.bcp.org/sites/vcleary/ModernWorldHistoryTextbook/Imperialism/section_4/earlyindia.html American Revolution. (2014, July 16). Retrieved from Encyclopeida.com http//www.encyclopedia.com/topic/American_Revolution.aspx2 Anderson, C. (2007). Indian Uprising of 1857-8 Prisons, Prisoners, and Rebellion. In C. Anderson, Indian Uprising of 1857-8 Prisons, Prisoners, and Rebellion (p.

Quality of Living Analysis for Greenpoint, Brooklyn Essay

Greenpoint Greenpoint, Brooklyn is a cultur solelyy vibrant neighborhood full of a wide range of retail shops, restaurants, bars & venues, banks, and other services. It is by and large occupied by people of Polish descent (43. 6% according to the 2000 Census) and of Hispanic descent (19. 2%. ) The median income is $33,578, signifi asstly lower than the corresponding content average of $41,994.Even with the median income in Greenpoint being al around $10,000 less than the national average, it has many of the same difficult characteristics shared by most saucily York City neighborhoods namely igher-than-average housing prices, overcrowded schools, higher(prenominal) utility prices, high local anaesthetic appraisees, and lack of high paying Jobs- all of which create a much higher total cost of living than most cities in the United States. A truly low proportion of Greenpoint residents own their homes. According to the 2000 census, only 19. 2% of residents own the homes they were l iving in, versus the 66. % national average. Rent prices have also consistently been on the rise, despite a few significant hiccups since the November 2008 financial crisis. It could be a wide advantage to local residents if a rogram was set up providing local tax breaks for first time home owners in Greenpoint. Also, if the budget would allow, the City could match the federal official governments pledge of $8000 in assistance for first time homebuyers. With $16,000 in assistance, and lowered taxes, many Greenpoint residents who otherwise would not be able to get a home power be able to afford that option.A lower percentage of Greenpoint residents graduate high school than the national average (70. 4% vs. 80. 4%), which is also true for those with Bachelors degrees (21. 2% vs. 24. 4%). This lack of higher education hinders peoples deallihood of acquiring high aying Jobs, and in turn, makes it harder for them to move out of poorness into the middle class. A no-cost GED training c enter should be set up on Greenpoint Avenue to assist high school dropouts (of any age) in getting a diploma. Similarly, a Greenpoint GED College fund should be set up, to extend full CUNY scholarships for the top 10% of the graduates of these GED programs.This not only would incline many people to taste their own education who otherwise wouldnt, besides it would also prevent many of the best students from slipping through the cracks, and ensure that more Greenpoint kids got a chance to go to college. A hot button issue for Greenpoint (and Brookyn as a whole) is land-use and development. In 2005, the City Council passed a plan for the re-zoning and development of much of the Greenpoint and Williamsburg waterfront, as well a large block of the upland area. The plan is known as the Greenpoint-Williamsburg Land Use and Waterfront envision.The plan focuses on changing zoning regulations along the northern Brooklyn waterfront and just closely of the upland areas, mostly to allow fo r large residential buildings to be built. Many residents of the partnership were worried about the waterfront development uildings being built very high, and pushed for regulations bound the number of condominium rental developments being geared only toward those with high incomes, and not toward those with average Greenpoint Williamsburg incomes (Williamsburg has an even lower median income than Greenpoint, $23,567. An attempt was made to use up a compromise between the community and the development groups, to solve both of these problems in one fell swoop. The compromise that was eventually passed is called the Greenpoint-Williamsburg Inclusionary Housing Program, which attempts to address concerns about both uilding height and low-income housing. The program stipulates that any development that includes a certain amount of affordable housing is eligible for a al-Qaida area premium, meaning they are allowed to build higher than the base restriction.There are 2 waterfront z ones designated, R6 and R8 in R6 the base floor area restriction is up to 23 stories, in R8 it is 33 stories. With 20-25% of piazza within the development designated for affordable housing, this restriction can be raised 4. 7% to 30 stories and 40 stories respectively. While in theory this idea sounds promising, in practice it will not accomplish the goals it claims to. First of all, if a new development take aways not to go past the floor area restrictions, then there is no contractment that they provide any affordable housing.This leaves little incentive for developers to spend the extra money to build higher, and choose to include the low- income housing, as they only gain 4. 6% in floor area bonus, but have to designate over 20% of the total space of affordable housing. It ends up only inclining them against building past the base floor area restrictions (which many residents believe are already far in any case lax, allowing for unnecessarily tall buildings that block other uildings views, and obstruct sunlight for large areas of the upland waterfront. I believe the plan should be salmagundid to require that any and all new developments include at least 10% affordable housing to begin with. In addition to the affordable housing problem, the Greenpoint-Williamsburg Land Use and Waterfront Plan does not include any provisions for building new schools in the neighborhood. A new high school in Greenpoint is sorely needed, as most high school age students who cannot attend the Automotive Technical School, which is the only public high school in Greenpoint, end up attending schools in Ridgewood, Queens and Williamsburg.The plan also has no provisions for public daycare centers, tutoring or after-school programs, or improved transportation routes from the northwestern waterfront area (which is very difficult to commute from). It would be prudent to adjust the plan to require at least some of these programs to be set up in the area, at the shared cost of the developers and the City. It is important to use contractors and building companies from the local area when building new developments in Greenpoint. Too often, contracts for restoration projects, and new developments end up going to companies not from Brooklyn.For instance the old Greenpoint Hospital, which has been gathering dust since 1982, is going to be converted in 240 units of affordable housing, but the contract for this conversion went to TNS exploitation Group, based in Queens. Two other contracts, from local Greenpoint community groups, were both rejected. A perfect sector to create high paying Jobs in the local community is in skilled construction and building, it seems only right to award the slew of evelopment contracts that are available in the area to local contractors and edited to require that 50% of all building contracts from now on go to companies located in the 11222 area code.Shortly before her death, Jane Jacobs summed up the problems with the waterfront deve lopment plans in a letter to Mayor Michael Bloomberg The communitys plan does not cheat the future by neglecting to provide provisions for schools, daycare, recreational outdoor sports, and pleasant facilities for those things. The communitys plan does not promote new housing at the expense of both xisting housing and imaginative and economical new shelter that residents can afford.The communitys plan does not violate the existing scale of the community, nor does it insult the visual and economic advantages of neighborhoods that are precisely of the kind that demonstrably pull back artists and other live-work craftsmen but the proposal put before you by city staff is an ambush containing all those destructive consequences. The roadblocks in the way of changing some of these plans would be great, and in order to make it possible, it would require a tremendous amount of public outcry and rassroots organization, in order to influence some major change of character in the highest level s of local power. If Mayor Bloomberg could be convinced to live up to his many campaign promises of building more public schools (and not rightful(prenominal) charter schools), and more affordable housing, then maybe Greenpoint could get the funds and zoning changes needed to build a new High School and provide good housing for its largest demographic, the lower class.In order to fund some of these projects, taxes could be raised on all waterfront property that is not designated to low income ousing- which might provide some more incentive for developers to build more affordable housing in the area, and if it not, it might at least add some tax revenue that could help fund a new local high school.A plan that properly addresses all the issues in a neighborhood like Greenpoint would have to be much more expansive and detailed, and would surely encounter a lot of resistance from some local politicians and big development companies, but some of the ideas presented in this paper could h ave far-reaching positive consequences if they could gain enough public support, and be implemented.

Developments Leading to the Civil War, 1848-1861 Essay

By 1848, the slavery slew was already dividing the nation and various compromise suggestions had been put forth to no avail. The elections, however, avoided the topic and it won the presidency for Zachary Taylor. Finally, in September 1850 with what was to be known as the Compromise of 1850 finally won in the form of tail fin laws. It was hoped that this would settle the slavery problem once and for all. However, especially controversial was the Fugitive Slave Act which compelled marriageern citizens to catch runaway slaves which they loathe to do.In 1852, Harriet Beecher Stowes novel Uncle Toms Cabin was make which brought the horror of slavery to the forefront. Then in 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Bill was passed wherein they were to be organized as a soil with the slavery issue to be decided by popular sovereignty. It again opened great guardianship that slavery might extend to Kansas previously state in the Missouri Compromise as a non-slave territory. An offshoot was the bir th of the Republican Party dedicated to fight slavery.Also in 1854, the Democrats made moves to hit the roof further south into Cuba using the Ossend Manifesto to pressure Spain to sell it and if successful, turn it into several slave states. In Kansas, there was chaos. Both pro- and anti-slavery scrambled to settle the area so they can command part in the territorys vote on the slavery issue. For three years, there was much conflict and bloodshed. It became the foretaste of civil war. In the presidential election of 1856, Kansas was the chief issue. The Democratic candidate James Buchanan won.In 1857, the proslavery groups in Kansas set-up a convention and asked to be admitted as a state by and submitted the Lecompton Constitution to Congress. Buchanan endorsed it. However, Stephen Douglas fishing for the norths support in his bid for the Senate fought for having it returned to Kansas and passed in a referendum. The people of turned it down. On manifest 6, 1857, the Supreme Co urt brought down its ruling on the Dred Scott case. Scott sued for his freedom on the grounds that he lived in both a free state and territory before retuning to Missouri.It was declared that he was a non-U. S. citizen, that he was his masters personal property and according to the Fifth Amendment of the Constitution, Congress had no right to take way personal property without due process of the law. This last ruling in effect declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. This led to violent opposition. The series of debates between Lincoln and Douglas on the slavery issue in addition brought it forward to peoples awareness and widened the rift between the North and the South.In 1859, derriere Brown together with 22 men, an anti-slavery radical, attacked the federal arsenal hoping to provoke an uprising by the slaves. His trial gained to a greater extent sympathy from the North for his cause but increased the paranoia of the South. For some time, Southern leaders had said tha t their states would non stay in the Union if an anti-slavery president was elected. Abraham Lincoln who opposed the extension of the slavery in the Territories won in 1860 by popular vote. South Carolina promptly seceded from the Union. In the next two months, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas also seceded.They soon organized the Confederate States of America. On February 4, 1861 they adopted a constitution and elected Jefferson Davis president. Meanwhile, the Federal forts in the South were being taken over by the Confederates including Fort Sumter. Major Robert Anderson was holding it down and asked for feed from the Federal government. On April 10, Jefferson ordered General P. G. T. Buearegard to get the fort to surrender. Major Anderson refused and on April 12, the Confederates shelled Fort Sumter. The polite War has begun. Two days later, Fort Sumter surrendered.

Business Entity Paper Essay

There argon different forms of businesses and they al take for their own purpose. Some atomic number 18 for individuals and others are for partners but they both have different forms. Depending on the size and type of business the owners decide how they are going to start it. withal the liability behind them and the type of ownership also depends on how they decide to go.A corporation is a juridical entity established under the corporation code and register with the Securities and Exchange Commission. It has to have a stripped of five persons and up to fifteen. The liability is limited for the stockholders and are only countable for the amount of capital invested. It is to a peachyer extent difficult to create, manage and organize. Depending on how umpteen shares an individual has thats how the participation of them is assign. If an individual has not that many shares they will be left egress with out any participation or word in the company actions and next moves. An example would be Apple and Microsoft.Individuals ask, What are the benefits to commerce of having shareholders and other entities that shield their members, defend from personal liability? There are many benefits to having shareholders, one of the main reasons why individuals decide to take is the personal liability protection it has on its members. The law protects the shareholders personal property and the shareholder is only responsible for the value of the equity they have in the company.It also has tax advantages, some compound business are able to lower their tax rate by reducing the salaries paid to their owners. The CEOs of these companies are able to carry out their management skills with the support of the shareholders. The ability to transfer ownership is a great benefit because in case of a death or simply selling their shares can be done without having to finish the organization and starting a new one with new owners.Another school principal frequently asked is Would commer ce be better served if personal liability would attach to those individuals for the misdeeds of their entity? There are individuals that would aver yes, have their personal belongings attached to the corporation. The logic behind an insurancecompany is to protect individuals from mistakes, any caused by others or individual mistakes. Having a corporation gives the opportunity to a group of individuals to carry out a business idea and to have the ability to prosper or to fail without loosing all their life savings and personal belongings. Individuals make mistakes and it is not fair to loose everything on the first try.

Rewarding and Punishment the Same Behavior Essay

What type of reinforcement schedule does random medicate testing award? Is this type of schedule typically telling or ineffective? Answer The fortune study maestro sports Rewarding and punishment the same behavior was about how in a baseball game steroids atomic number 18 being characterd and the offense which has been ca employ by it.The type of reinforcement schedule discuss in this case was the random drug testing which presents the fact that most of the quantifys baseball participants ar not aware(predicate) of the point that they are taking drugs. This is because they dont fill it in cardinaltially and given by their posturees to break performance of the musician in game. According to the case I agree with the decision of commissioner of the baseball. According to his decision, he gave a second chance to the players who did not know that their coaches were giving them drugs. Whereas, he declared a ten day suspension for the first time offenders from playacting t he game.But congress and the general public was not satisfied so the commissioner incorporated tougher rules to play in the game such as the three strikes, and you are out policy wherein the first time offenders were suspended from playing the game for 50 days, the second time offenders were suspended from playing the game for 100 days and the last one was a ban wherein the player rumpnot further play the game. Due to the usage of steroids the rules in the other games regular became tougher. The NFL and the NBA withal had to check their players if they were use drugs while playing the game.The coaches in the baseball game needs to be strict while choosing their ruff players to play the game. The coaches need to be strict with rules of the game and as well as the players to stop development the usage of steroids in the baseball game. A fine or a suspension is considered as a minor part whereas the ultimate decision to ban the player is the correct decision which is made by the commissioner of baseball. . Whereas to find whether its effective or not we can see that the type of reinforcement schedules that random drug testing represent is the variable interval type.As defined, this type of schedule occurs when a response is rewarded by and by an unpredictable amount of time has passed. In the case, the reinforcement schedule is done randomly and unexpected. It is typically effective because athletes not aware of the test and when these tests forget be interpreted place. thitherfore, athletes are unprepared. Unlike a wintry variable reinforcement schedule, athletes pretend a fixed time of when the tests will be scheduled so they can prepare and make sure their systems are clean before they take the test. . 2.What are close to examples of behaviors in typical disposals that supervisors reward but may actually be detrimental to others or to the governing as a all? As a manager, what top executive you do to try to avoid this quandary? . Answer The mai n example of a behavior in a typical organization that supervisors reward but may actually be detrimental to others or to the organization as a whole is athletes taking steroids. When athletes take steroids to enhance their performance abilities, they are misleading their managers and their fans.Initially, it may be rewarding because everyone winding gains from the profitability, sports merchandise, increased popularity and success. But in the end, when it is discovered that the athlete achieved recognition with the aid of steroids he destroys his reputation and also his teams and countrys reputation and the loyalty the fans had for him. If I was a manager, what I might do in order to avoid this quandary, if I was made aware of someone victimization steroids, I would do a random drug testing as soon as possible sooner of having the whole team suffer for that one insubordinate athlete. . If you were the commissioner of baseball, what steps would you take to try to reduce the use of steroids in baseball? Is punishment likely to be the most effective deterrent? Why or why not? Answer If I was the commissioner of baseball, there are several steps that I would take to try to reduce the use of steroids in baseball. First of all, I would reinforce to all the athletes that if someone is caught using steroids they will be thrown off the team. Second, I would continue to do random drug testing. punishment is not likely to be the most effective deterrent.This will only cause athletes to stop playing and taking steroids for a certain period of time. In concomitant to it I would also have taken some steps as taken by the commissioner in this case. For the 1st time offender who didnt know that they were being drugged by their coaches should be suspended for few games. In addition to that the coach must be strictly punished a huge sum of fine plus sprightliness time ban from the game. Whereas, for those who have offended it for the first time knowingly, must be suspended for a year plus a heavy amount fine should be imposed on them.And for those who have repeated it should be banned from baseball sport. The second part of the question was Is punishment likely to be the most effective deterrent? For me yes, punishment is the most effective deterrent. It is the competition that everyone loves. The feeling of winning makes numerous people do anything to achieve it. Even if this means one must cheat to win. Many players used and still use steroids to enhance their muscles so they are stronger during game play. There can be dickens ways of stopping the player not to use steroids, either by rewarding or by punishing.Rewarding in the sense, we can give incentives to players for not using them but the incentives of winning will be more attractive than these. Therefore one can punish the player if they use those incentives. A player cheats to win money, fans and fame. But if they are found to be using steroids, they will lose their fame and fans and should also be heavily fined. 4. Is it okay to allow potentially unethical behaviors, which on the surface may benefit organizations, to bunk? Why or why not? AnswerNo, unethical behaviors must not persist even if on the surface they may benefit organizations. For short term it may be beneficial but not in long run. Any unethical behaviors can directly affect the reputation of the organization. And in todays world a good reputed organization is the most important part of organization building. People like to buy the service or product from a good reputed organization. It creates goodwill of the organization. For example, in context of the given case, organization can be the baseball team and unethical behavior can be the use of steroids by the players.This may help the team to build a strong cast and can help them to win many games as well. But the day general public will learn that the victory is not due to the hard work but rather than steroids, all of their sentiment will be on stak e. They may lose their sponsors, fans and reputation. Same was the case happened with Pakistani cricket team. few of the players of Pakistani cricket team player, Salman Butt, M. Amir and Asif, were involved in match fixing. They might have acquire a lot from that but when it was exposed they were punished.They had to pay double amount of fine of what they earned. In addition to it now none of the companies will like to endorse just players who are involved in unethical activities. In addition to it they lost all their fans. Almost every Pakistani doesnt like them because they created a bad impression of Pakistan in the global world. As well as destroyed the image of the Pakistani team nationally and internationally. Can you imagine cheating and excellence in the same sentence? What does cognise cheating and the Hall of Fame have in everyday?What does shameful and The Hall of Fame have in common? Does known cheating and excellence equal The Hall Of Fame? This debate doesnt have t wo sides. There are no hairs to split. There are no counter arguments to argue. rig is not how to get ahead. Cheating isnt even how to compete. Even if youre never found out, Its a setup for ruin elsewhere in life. Anyone that has admitted or has been proven to have used performance enhancing drugs should never even be considered for the Hall Of Fame.

Default and Disputes Essay

In this paper I impart discuss the reasoning and methodology behind political sympathies proclamation defaults and disputes. I will also give recommendation to acquisition and personify containment. The standard covenant cla practice which gives a customer the right to unilaterally borderinate the asserter if the asserter fails to practise according to the specified terms. The asseverator is generally non entitled to both feement for the au naturel(p) part of the look at and, instead, may be liable for (1) repayment of monies advanced, (2) liquidated and separate damages, and (3) exorbitance make up incurred by the customer in completing the catch to a lower place a new contractor.Two primary types of last(a)es green goddess arise beneath regimen contracts termination for default and termination for the authoritiess convenience. likewise a criminal conviction or debarment or suspension for default is undoubtedly the most atrocious agency sanction that a termination can befall a establishment inter-group communicationor. closings for default argon much more(prenominal) common in supply contracts than in construction contracts.The standard clause utilise in supply and service contracts recites that the government has the right terminate for default if the contractor fails to (1) deliver the contract supplies or perform the services on condemnation, (2) make progress so as to endanger doing of the contract. The Termination for Cause term also names three bases for terminating a commercial item contract for default (a) any default by the contractor, (b) failure by the contractor to comply with any contact terms or conditions, and (c) failure by the contractor to provide the government on request, with adequate assurances of in store(predicate) performance. The governments right to terminate is not limited by standard inspection clauses, because they stand the government to exercise any other rights and remedies allowed by the contract. Default terminations are provided for in government contracts under standard clauses erect forth in the FAR. 52. 2498 Default (Fixed-Price Supply and Service).As prescribed in 49. 04(a)(1), insert the following clause DEFAULT (FIXED-PRICE SUPPLY AND SERVICE) (APR 1984) (a)(1) The governing body may, subject to paragraphs (c) and (d) below, by written post horse of default to the contractile organ, terminate this contract in whole or in part if the Con- tractor fails to(i) Deliver the supplies or to perform the services inwardly the time specified in this contract or any accompaniment (ii) Make progress, so as to endanger performance of this contract (but see subparagraph (a)(2) below) or (iii) Perform any of the other provisions of this contract (but see subparagraph (a)(2) below). 2) The judicatures right to terminate this contract under subdivisions (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) above, may be exercised if the Con- tractor does not cure such failure at bottom 10 days ( or more if authorized in indite by the espial police officer) afterwards receipt of the no- tice from the under book police officer specifying the failure. (b) If the government activity terminates this contract in whole or in part, it may acquire, under the terms and in the room the Contracting Officer considers appropriate, supplies or services similar to those ended, and the Contractor will be liable to the Government for any excess be for those sup- plies or services.However, the Contractor shall continue the use not terminated. (c) Except for defaults of subcontractors at any tier, the Contractor shall not be liable for any excess costs if the failure to perform the contract arises from causes beyond the incorporate and without the fault or negligence of the Contractor. Examples of such causes include (1) acts of God or of the public enemy, (2) acts of the Government in both its sovereign or contractual capacity, (3) fires, (4) floods, (5) epidemics, (6) quarantine restrictions (7) strikes, (8) freight embargoes, and (9) outstandingly severe weather.In each instance the failure to perform must be beyond the control and without the fault or negligence of the Contractor. (d) If the failure to perform is caused by the default of a subcontractor at any tier, and if the cause of the default is beyond the control of both the Contractor and subcontractor, and without the fault or negligence of either, the Contractor shall not be liable for any excess costs for failure to perform, unless the subcontracted supplies or services were available from other sources in sufficient time for the Contractor to meet the call for delivery schedule. e) If this contract is terminated for de- fault, the Government may require the Con- tractor to transfer title and deliver to the Government, as directed by the Contracting Officer, any (1) completed supplies, and (2) partially completed supplies and materials, parts, tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, plans, drawings, i nformation, and contract rights (collectively referred to as manufacturing materials in this clause) that the Contractor has specifically produced or acquired for the terminated portion of this contract.Upon direction of the Contracting Officer, the Con- tractor shall also protect and preserve property in its monomania in which the Government has an refer. (f) The Government shall pay contract price for completed supplies delivered and accepted. The Contractor and Contracting Officer shall agree on the amount of payment for manufacturing materials delivered and accepted and for the protection and preservation of the property. Failure to agree will be a dispute under the Disputes clause.The Government may withhold from these amounts any sum the Contracting Officer determines to be necessary to protect the Government against loss because of outstanding short tempers or claims of former lien holders. (g) If, after termination, it is determined that the Contractor was not in default, or that the default was excusable, the rights and obligations of the parties shall be the same as if the termination had been issued for the convenience of the Government. (h) The rights and remedies of the Government in this clause are in addition to any other rights and remedies provided by law or nder this contract. FAR 52. 249-10 Default (Fixed-Price Construction) Clause (a) If the contractor refuses or fails to prosecute the work or any separable part, with the diligence what will insure its completion within the time specified in this contract including any extension, or fails to complete the work within this time, the government may, by written regain to the contractor, terminate the right to proceed with the work (or the separable part of the work) that has been delayed.In this event, the government may take over the work and complete it by contract or otherwise, may take over the work and complete it by contract or otherwise, and may take possession of and use any materia l, appliances, and plant on the work site necessary for completing the work. Although the Termination for Cause term in commercial item contracts does not contain a cure notice requirement, the FAR termination procedures for commercial item contracts require the Contracting Officer to send a standard cure notice prior to terminating a contract for a reason other than late delivery. Consequences And Remedies Of Termination For Default And Termination For Convenience If a board or court determines that the contractor was not actually in default or the default was excusable, the termination for default will be converted into a termination for convenience. Similarly, in the lead the appeal is even decided, the Contracting Officer can convert the termination for default into one for the governments convenience.The Contractors recovery under a convenience termination may be significant. For example, under a convenience termination, the contractor is eligible to recover its costs of perfo rmance, some continuing costs, elimination expenses, and a reasonable profit on completed work. Should the contractor be unsuccessful in contesting the properness of the default termination itself, it may still be able to challenge the excess costs judging and achieve a reduction or elimination of those costs.The Fulford doctrine permits contractors to challenge the governments pain of excess re-procurement costs even if the time has expired for appealing the underlying default termination, but does not trump the Contract Disputes Act election doctrine. Remedy of Excess Cost of Re-procurement and Liquidated remedy The standard measures of excess costs is the difference between the contract price of the terminated contract and the price the government is required to pay to the re-procurement contractor for quantity f supplies or services called for under the terminated contract or for completion of unfinished work remaining under the terminated contract. To assess excess costs ag ainst the defaulted contractor, the government must show that the re-procurement contract has been performed and that complete payment has been made. The government may not obtain re-procurement costs for work that the government prevented the contractor from performing.If the default-terminated contract contains a Liquidated Damages clause, those damages may be assessed against the contractor until the government obtains completion of the contract work. Liquidated damages are in addition to the excess costs of re-procurement The Liquidated Damages clause used in fixed-price supply and service contracts provides that, in the case of a termination for default, the contractor shall be liable for liquidated damages (as well as excess costs) until the time the government may reasonably obtain delivery or performance of similar supplies or services. The Liquidated Damages clause requires the contractor to pay the government a specific amount for each calendar day of delay. The stipulate d amount of the liquidated damages is set at the time the contract is entered into and is the parties estimate of the extent of loss that one partys open frame of the contract would cause to the other.Government policy is to use a Liquidated Damages clause in a contract when both (1)the time of delivery or performance is such an important factor that the government may reasonably expect to suffer damages if the delivery or performance is delinquent, and (2) the extent or amount or actual damages would be difficult or im mathematical to ascertain or prove. Contract Disputes Act The Contract Disputes Act of 1978 (CDA), which became effective on March 1, 1979, establishes the procedures for handling claims relating to joined States federal official Government contracts.All claims by the contractor against the national Government must be submitted in writing to the Governments Contracting Officer for a decision. All claims by the Federal Government against the contractor must be the s ubject of a decision by the Contracting Officer. Apart from claims by the Federal Government alleging fraud in connection with a claim by the contractor, all claims by either the Federal Government or the contractor must be submitted within six years after the accrual of the claim.Claims by the contractor that exceed $100,000 must be accompanied by a security that (i) the claim is made in good faith, (ii) the supporting data are accurate and complete to the outmatch of the contractors knowledge and belief, (iii) the amount requested represents the contract adjustment for which the contractor believes the Federal Government is liable, and (iv) the certifier is authorized to submit the certification on behalf of the contractor.There are procedures in the statute for remedying certifications that do not exactly mimic the required certification language. For claims of $100,000 or less, the Contracting Officer is required to issue a decision within 60 days of receipt of the claim provi ded the contractor requests a decision within that time period. For claims in excess of $100,000, the Contracting Officer is required, within 60 days, either to issue a decision or notify the contractor when a decision will be issued.All decisions should be issued within a reasonable time, taking into account the nature of the claim, and, if they are not, the contractor may either request a tribunal to direct the Contracting Officer to issue a decision within a specified time or treat the failure to issue a decision as an appealable deemed denial of the claim.If the contractor is dissatisfied with the Contracting Officers decision on a claim, the contractor may (i) appeal that decision to the cognizant agency board of contractor appeals within 90 days of receipt of the decision or (ii) bring suit on the claim in the United States Court of Federal Claims within 12 months. Decisions not appealed within one of these time periods become final and conclusive.There are procedures in the s tatute authorizing the use of mutually agreeable alternative dispute dissolver techniques for handling disputes and well as for the use of streamlined and accelerated litigation procedures for smaller claims at the boards of contract appeals. The losing party may appeal a decision by either a board of contract appeals or the United States Court of Federal Claims to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. A contractor is entitled to interest on the amount found due on its claim running from the date the Contracting Officer received the claim until the claim is paid.Good acquisition planning is crucial to the overall project objective, government spending, tailored to objectives and constraints, and is flexible enough to allow innovation and modification as the project evolves. The strategy balances cost and effectiveness through development of technological options, exploration of design concepts, and planning and conduct of acquisition activities. These elements are directed toward either a planned Initial Operational Capability or retention for possible future use, while adhering to a program budget.The strategy should be structured to achieve program stability by minimizing technical, schedule, and cost risks. Thus the criteria of realism, stability, balance, flexibility, and managed risk should be used to guide the development and execution of an acquisition strategy and to evaluate its effectiveness. The acquisition strategy must reflect the interrelationships and schedule of acquisition phases and events based on a logical sequence of demonstrated accomplishments, not on fiscal or calendar expediency.

Relationship between Humans and Nature Essay

The relationship between worldly concern and genius is an important topic in which some(prenominal) citizenry contribute ideas to and remove done studies on. It is important for plurality to see that nature is a essential and that we be responsible for protecting it. In essays and an article, toilet Steinbeck, Lynn White, Peter Kahn, Rachel Severson, and Jolina Ruckert discuss their beliefs and information they fill assemble to be true some creation and nature living together.In the article Ameri give the sacks and the Land, John Steinbeck talks to the highest degree the American settlers impact on the state of matter. He states that the relationship between humans and nature used to be one of settlers living with or against nature, but has everywhere time come to humans living on or from the state of matter. Steinbeck writes his feelings of humans being very irresponsible in their use of land back in a time when they thought there was an abundance of resources. He w rites that people burnt- off the forests and changed the rainfall they swept the buffalo from the plains, blasted the streams, set fire to the grass (Steinbeck). During the time of the Indians, humans attacked and defended themselves with emerge self-aggrandising thought to the damage they were causing to their environment around them. To go along with how little Americans thought roughly the environment, Steinbeck addresses how people went land-mad. Because they had so much of it, They cut and burned the forests to make room for crops they abandoned hy bopledge of kindness to the land in order to maintain its usefulness (Steinbeck).The idea of conservation didnt much start until after(prenominal) engines and heavy mechanical equipment were in full use. And even since conservation and people finding awe and dishful inthe nations national parks, most people dont compute doubly ab divulge using engines and machines to keep us warm or cool, give us light, or have a bun in the o ven us quickly. In response to this essay, I do have to agree that in the past people did not issue nearly the damage they were causing on the earth. However, I disagree with Steinbeck when he says that people do not think twice about using all available technology. I know that through conservation efforts, most everyone is very aware of the impact they have on the environment. Although people are not as in tune with nature as the Native Americans were, I think we could run across from them and appreciate and number more responsibility for nature.Lynn White, Jr.s essay The Historical Roots of Our ecological Crisis addresses the relationship between humans and nature by bringing up the issue of what Christianity tells people about their relationship with the environment. It is interesting that White brings up the component of religion in how people treat nature because it is a huge aspect that oftentimes doesnt get talked about much. White states that Christians desire that dei ty gave them dominance over nature and that it was given to serve man. Because of this dominance that we have, people feel indifferent about exploiting nature and using it to serve themselves.Although I know this is true and is found in Genesis, I believe God intended it differently. I believe that just as God has ultimate rule over the earth and exercises his authority with loving care, he expects humans to do the same with the environment. God was careful in how he made the earth, and He wants us not to be careless and wasteful in how we take care of it. Although, I do agree that this mindset is a problem and has been a problem, so the silk hat way to combat this is to teach Christians to dig deeper in to Gods word to figure out what exactly He means when he says something like that.Peter Kahn, Jr., Rachel L. Severson, and Jolina H. Ruckert discuss the impact on humans of how technical nature is coming to replace authentic nature in the essay. In the essay, they come to the det ermination that this replacement causes changes in the physical and psychological well-being of the human species. Kahn, Severson, and Ruckert state that nature is imperative to have in human lives. The authors did a study in which they found that simplylooking outside of a window reduces heart rate which in turn reduces stress. Near the end of the essay, the authors discuss the issue of environmental Generational Amnesia.This is a condition that humans may face in which, because of adapting gradually to the loss of actual nature and to the increase of technological nature, humans will lower the baseline across generations for what counts as a full measure of the human experience and of human flourishing(Kahn, Severson, and Ruckert, 37). In a study, they figured out that technological nature is better than no nature at all. And they also know that humans have an evolutionary need to affiliate with nature, so we either have to adapt to technological nature, or go extinct. The authors know that talking to people about these environmental issues is becoming harder as most people arent aware of or simply dont believe that they are a problem. I think that this was a very important study to do and shows people the importance and necessity of going out into nature.The relationship between humans and nature is important to everyone because we really cant escape the incident that we are living together. Knowing the history of why nature is so important to humans can help create a sense of responsibility for its well-being which in turn should unite people to try to make a difference in how we are treating it and using current technology. Because of Kahn, Severson, and Ruckert we now know that nature is something that humans innately need and that increases our health. Reading the ideas and conclusions of these authors about this topic has made me wonder about what my own stance on nature is, how my faith effects that, and if I am substituting technological nature for real nature.Works CitedKahn, Peter. Severson, Rachel. Ruckert, Jolina. _The Human Relation with Nature and__Technological Nature._ (2009).http//depts.washington.edu/hints/publications/Human_Relation_ Technological_Nature.pdfSteinbeck, John. _Americans and the Land._https//docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pelvic inflammatory disease=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnxlbmdsaXNoMTEwMzI4bGN8Z3g6NGIwMDEzNDA4NDhhYzEwWhite, Lynn. _The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis._ (1974).http//www.uvm.edu/gflomenh/ENV-NGO-PA395/articles/Lynn-White.pdf