Elie Wiesel s The Holocaust - 1315 Words

The Holocaust appeared to be a time of darkness and it seemed like on Earth and in heaven, each doorway of humanity, empathy, and kindness had been closed down. Those who did not encounter the Holocaust cannot begin to comprehend what it was like, however, those who did cannot begin to express it. Torture, genocide, and cruel acts started to fill brains and souls. The Holocaust was an event where millions of people were being murdered during World War II. The memoir, Night by Elie Wiesel is based on Wiesel’s experiences in concentration camps, in order to give readers an insight of someone who was a victim of the Holocaust. The young narrator, Elie Wiesel, faces countless struggles for survival among the horrors of the Holocaust. In the memoir, Eliezer, the passionately, devoted boy with a benevolent family, is taken from his home and sent to a concentration camp. Through their unstable and dangerous journey, Elie is detached from his mother and sisters but lingers on with hi s father, only to be relocated from camp to camp. Elie mentions the death of numerous family members, the death of his own identity and innocence, to an extent in which living or dying did not matter anymore. In Night, Wiesel reveals that the exposure to an unsympathetic, bitter world generates to the destruction of the three main themes throughout the memoir which are; religious faith, identity, and family. To begin with, one of the themes that is presented throughout the memoir is the loss ofShow MoreRelatedThe Elie Wiesel s The Holocaust1326 Words   |  6 PagesThe Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity quotes Elie Wielsel’s, â€Å"Sometimes we must interfere. When human lives are endangered, when human dignity is in jeopardy, national borders and human sensitivities become irrelevant. Whenever men and women are persecuted because of their race, religion, or political views, that place- at that moment- become the center of the universe.† Many people suffered and had to give up their lives during the holocaust. The days of horror and torture during this time isRead MoreElie Wiesel s The Holocaust993 Words   |  4 PagesElie Wiesel experienced several horrors throughout the Holocaust. As a boy, he lost his family and his faith in his own religion because of the mass slaughter of six million Jews along with several different races and religions. Elie describes scenes that a fifteen year old child should never have to see such as frantic families lined up for a death in fire, bodies crushed all over as people ran them over, and babies being thrown into pits of fire. One day, police move the Jews, eighty per carRead MoreThe Holocaust s Night By Elie Wiesel1361 Words   |  6 Pagesfriends. It brought families closer. The Holocaust forced family members to hold on to each other and trust each other. â€Å"In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million [...] By 1945, the Germans and their collaborators killed nearly two out of every three European Jews as part of the ‘Final Solution,’ the Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe† (Introduction to the Holocaust). Night is a memoir written by Elie Wiesel, a Holocaust survivor. Elie Wiesel’s Night describes that fatherRead MoreThe Holocaust By Elie Wiesel1107 Words   |  5 PagesThesis Statement: The hardships that Elie Wiesel faced in the concentration camps lead him to lose faith, until after when realizing it was crucial to keep faith in God despite the horrendous events of the Holocaust. What God would let his people be burned, suffocated to death, separated from their families, and starved toRead MoreThe Destruction Of The Holocaust1203 Words   |  5 Pagespreventing it. Elie Wiesel’s fulfilled his purpose of showing the heinous crimes of the Holocaust through the change of characterization of Elie before, during and after the events of Wiesel s 1940 memoir-Night. The Holocaust is remembered as a stain on history, where a massive genocide occurred. but we must also recognize the souls and personalities that were killed and burned. Wiesel trembling hands picked up these ashes, personifying their ebony remains into a young child-Elie. For every soulRead MoreThe Holocaust Of Auschwitz, Buchenwald, And Treblinka1514 Words   |  7 Pagesthat evoke nightmares of the Holocaust. The death and suffering at concentration camps like these were greater than any before endured. Elie Wiesel had been one of the most devout Jewish children prior to the start of the Holocaust. However, the Holocaust created a void in the souls of many of those that survived, one of which was Elie. During his experience in the concentration camps, Elie waited for God to intervene and save his people. When God did not intervene Elie began to doubt God and His mercyRead More Dawn by Elie Wiesel Essay716 Words   |  3 PagesDawn by Elie Wiesel In this report you will see the comparisons between the novel Dawn and the life of Elie Wiesel, its author. The comparisons are very visible once you learn about Elie Wiesel’s life. Elie Wiesel was born on September28,1928 in the town of Hungary. Wiesel went through a lot of hard times as a youngster. In 1944, Wiesel was deported by the nazis and taken to the concentration camps. His family was sent to the town of Auschwitz. The father, mother, and sister of Wiesel died inRead MoreCultivating The Gardens : Candide And Night1577 Words   |  7 PagesNovember 26th, 2014 Cultivating the gardens: Candide and Night The Holocaust was a genocide in which approximately six million Jews were killed by the Nazi regime under the command of Adolf Hitler. While many did perish during the holocaust, some survived to tell the haunting tales of what they endured. One of which was a young Romanian man named Elie Wiesel, a Jewish-American professor and political activist. (The Elie Wiesel Foundation for Humanity) In 1940, Romania lost the town of Sighet toRead MoreThe Perils Of Indifference By Elie Wiesel939 Words   |  4 PagesTo speaker Elie Wiesel, caring for others is what makes humans exhibit humanity. On April 12, 1999, Elie Wiesel delivered his speech called â€Å"The Perils of Indifference† before President Clinton and the entirety of Congress. Wiesel’s speech focuses on the atrocities that had occurred in the past century, which he claimed were products of indifference, as he attempts to explain why humanity displays apathy to such tragedies. After growing up as a young Jewish duri ng the Holocaust, Wiesel has seen hisRead MoreThe Holocaust : Extreme Evil1025 Words   |  5 PagesRebecca Beechhold Kathryn Edelstein Honors English 10 22 September 2015 ADD Hook The Holocaust revealed the extreme evil in human nature on both a grand and small scale. Hitler, a strong supporter of antisemitism, had an agenda to create a dominant Aryan race and would stop at nothing to diminish the Jewish population. This meant forcing innocent Jewish people into death and labor camps, where conditions were brutal and treatment was atrociously inhumane. Overtime, this grand scale oppression sparked

During Clinical, I Had The Opportunity Of Working With

During clinical, I had the opportunity of working with a 29 year old mother who had an epidural/spinal analgesia induced, low transverse, and cesarean birth. With a low transverse C-Sectional, as the name implies, is a horizontal cut across the lower part of the uterus. In the United States, whenever possible, a low skin incision below or at the bikini line with a low transverse uterine incision is the approach of choice. Her expected date of delivery was March 06, 2017 but she delivered on March 10, 2017 and was discharged five days later, which was on March 16, 2017. Upon my first encounter when I had to go in and do my assessment and vitals, I was little skeptical because of the mothers demeanor. She looked a little bit unhappy,†¦show more content†¦Caesarean births mother are normally kept for 72 hours, which is the normal length of stay if the complications normal and not severe. This is to ensure the mother and baby receive best evidenced-based care and support and resources before they are been discharged. Upon reviewing her chart and working with her I learnt that, assessing postpartum complications are were not only limited to medical and clinical aspect but as a nurse I need to also beware of social and psychological cues when preparing the patients plan of care. As this is also considered a crucial complication/diagnosis that needs to be addressed. As nurses these are areas where w e could advocate for the client because, the well-being of the baby and mother can be altered by these problems. I learnt that Social and psychological health is crucial to a mother’s capacity to function optimally, enjoy relationships, prepare for the infant’s birth, cope with the stresses and appreciate the joys of parenthood. ELABORATE During clinical as I was reviewing my clients chart, my Clinical Teacher asked, what is her expected date of delivery for this mother? When did she deliver? What date is today? My initial answer was ‘’maybe a severe complication’’? Then she asked again what the complication does she have? I didn’t know theShow MoreRelatedMy Clinical Experience At Lewis Outpatient Counseling Agency713 Words   |  3 PagesMy clinical experience at Lewis Outpatient counseling Agency, provided me with exactly what I wanted, which was an opportunity to focus on utilizing and implementing the client-therapist relationship in order to enhance my therapeutic work and a chance to see how outpatient counseling could be delivered in a different setting. During the beginning, I found it challenging to get used to a new way of working, mostly given my relatively new caseload of mostly adolescent youths compared to my previousRead MoreEpidemiology Of Transition For Stage D Heart Failure1529 Words   |  7 PagesProject: Epidemiology of Transition to Stage D Heart Failure, I was directly involved in data collection, data entry, result analysis and manuscript preparation. Our data result in four abstracts that had been accepted for presentation at AHA meeting 2015. Ongoing project. Clinical Trial: NEAT-HFpEF â€Å" Nitrate’s Effect on Activity Tolerance in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction†. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) compared to placebo increasesRead MoreOverview Of Professional Experience And Plans Essay1584 Words   |  7 Pagesand Plans I first became interested in psychology while enrolled in a grade eleven introductory course. Learning the basics about human behaviour and mental processes fascinated me, and from there I began to explore the ways in which psychology could become a lifelong career. Fast-forward seven years and I have witnessed this passion flourish through the completion of my Bachelor of Arts Honours degree in Psychology and my Developmental Services Worker Diploma. In addition to my schooling, I have madeRead MoreDr. Quyyumi During The Community Health Fair834 Words   |  4 Pages I had the opportunity to work with Dr. Quyyumi during the Community Health Fair that is held twice every year. This charity clinic provides care for underserved and uninsured patients. My duties included patient triage, focused history and physical exam, blood drawing and performing pap smears. The experience allowed me to practice my clinical skills and provide care to patients in need. I participated in taking patients histories, doing physical examinations, reviewing lab results and prescribingRead MoreBecoming A Pediatric Specialty As A Career1109 Words   |  5 Pagescompassion every time I witness a person who is mentally ill. In my perspective, I feel a moral and an instinctive obligation to help a person with a psychological or emotional ailment. Caring for people is not only rewarding to me, but the hope is that one day, those people will contribute to â€Å"the love of humanity† by giving back in the same way that I wish to do in medicine. Thus, my decision was rather easy; my passion in serving the humanity prompted me to go into Psychiatry. I have been vigilantRead MoreMy Motivation Pursue An Advanced Practice Degree841 Words   |  4 Pages With opportunity, hard work and dedication I progressed from telemetry/ICU step-down and Medical ICU to Cardio thoracic ICU (see CV). Each unit provided me with the knowledge and skill sets necessary to be a proficient nurse. While l was opening my mind to different aspects of critical care nursing with every new opportunity, I was also being inspired to pursue an advanced practice nursing degree in Anesthesia. I developed an interest in Nurse Anesthesia as a student nurse in my clinical rotationRead MoreTransition From A Student Nurse Essay1125 Words   |  5 Pagesemotions were felt during this experience, in regards to transitioning from a student nurse to the registered nurse role. Primarily, the transition in role from student nurse to registered nurse was similar to any clinical experience I have had at Midlands Technical College. I was placed in a medical-surgical rotation. I felt slighted that not only were we required to complete a data tool but we also participated in the teamwork model demonstrated in prior semesters. Personally, I did not feel a transitionRead MoreA Research Study On Medical Billing And Medical Records938 Words   |  4 PagesI participated in taking patients histories, doing physical examinations, reviewing lab results and prescribing the appropriate treatment, I helped in performing administrative duties and updating patients’ medical records. At the clinic’s pharmacy, I assisted the pharmacist in explaining the medication route of administration, dosing and frequency. I also involved in introducing public health awareness and vaccination projects during our local medical tours. ï ¿ ¼My responsibilities were taking patients’Read MoreMy Job As A Firefighter And An Emergency Technician1508 Words   |  7 Pagesjob as a firefighter and an emergency medical technician I have learned that working with patients in a medical setting requires patience, compassion, and quick decision-making skills. These work experiences have guided me to develop a strong passion for medicine and a desire to begin a career as a nurse. The positive aspects of the job and the hardships I have faced carved a path that guided me to pursue research and internship opportunities that align with my goal to seek advanced nursing educationRead MoreA Brief And Procedural Duties Of A Resident Medical Officer1576 Words   |  7 PagesHaving completed almost eighteen months working as a competent resident in a variety of settings, I am confident I can continue to undertake clinical and procedural duties of a Resident Medical Officer (RMO) in 2017. During my terms as an intern and RMO, I have demonstrated exceptional clinical experience that is required for a successful junior doctor working as a resident or registrar. During these terms I had many opportunities to complete patient admissions. I would correctly identify a new medical

Courage Humanity and Belief Essay Example For Students

Courage Humanity and Belief Essay - Paper based on Stephen Cranes works How do we grow up through the hardships of live? What can a stressful environment bring out in human? And how do you perceive a society between the reality and the myth? As a naturalism and realism writer, Stephen Crane creates vivid characters in his stories. We might find answers of these questions from Cranes three representative works, The Red Badge of Courage, The Open Boat and The Blue Hotel. Adolescence brings about many changes as a youth becomes an adult. For many people this passage is either tedious or painful, or simple and barely noticeable. In The Red Badge of Courage, the character Henry Fleming survives the Civil War, which serves as his rite of passage as it teaches him the importance of things such as dreams, companionship, individualism, dignity and, of course, courage. At first, Henry is determined and eager to fight in war, which is his dream and goal. From all the tales told by others of fighting and glory, he can not help but idolize the duty of the soldier and aspire to become the very same soldier. Unfortunately, his dreams are virtually shattered time again as the fight on in the battle. Eventually, Henry is faced with the ultimate enemy himself. He begins to doubt his own self-confidence and wonders weather he will stay and fight or run then faced with death and war at the battlefields. He experimented with many schemes, but threw them aside one by one as flimsy (Crane, 65). Those schemes suggest the constant dilemma experienced by most adolescents, which would be conformity, peer pressure, and acceptance. Henry eventually flees from the scene, reexamines himself and his thoughts, and musters up the courage to return to the battlefield. This is part of growing up facing your fears and giving it another shot. The death of John Conklin teaches Henry the importance of companionship and its limits, which play an important part in anyones life as friends are one of lifes greatest treasures. Towards the end of the story, Henry discards the expectations of his peers and declares his individuality and courage by seizing the flag from the dead color sergeant and waving it in front of the regiment. He risks being shot at as he is an easy target and thus displays his courage deep down within his soul. He himself felt the daring spirit of a savage religion-madThere were subtle flashings of joy within him that thus should be his mind (Crane, 118). His reaching out for the flag proves to himself that he is just as brave and courageous as those soldiers those stories dazzles him as a boy. He is that very soldier. If the tribulation builds up Henrys courage, then it reveals human dignity in The Open Boat. At numerous times during the story, an anonymous man will grieve and ponder over the idea that death is a great possibility for those in the boat. The reader never learns who the speaker is, which turn becomes an everyman issue. All are feeling this sense of hopelessness, or one man is speaking for everyone. Crane uses the quote If I am going to be drowned if I am going to be drowned as a tool to exhibit human dignity in the boat. For at least three times during the story, everyman despairs and cries out for this mercy. If the man on the boat did not admit their fears, we would think they were all courageous heroes. It is obvious they are merely human. The men in the boat have worked together as a team, almost as if they know they can only survive s a team. .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 , .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .postImageUrl , .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 , .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:hover , .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:visited , .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:active { border:0!important; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:active , .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712 .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u58fd23168dba4903db78e52e884a0712:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cultural competence Essay Like clockwork, they switch rowing shifts to let others sleep. They are considerate to each other and respectful. Yet, when it comes down to their personal feelings, isolation takes over. If I am going to be drowned why was I allowed to come thus far the contemplate sand and trees? (Crane, 293). That statement emphasizes a certain part of our humanity that calls for complete mercy. Its almost as if the gods are taunting the men on the boat. .

Mens Agitat Molem an Example by

Mens Agitat Molem by Expert Prof Nelly | 15 Dec 2016 Its all in the mind.- Arnold Schwarzenegger (Kehoe, 2004) Need essay sample on "Mens Agitat Molem" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The human mind is the most powerful tool that can be used by an inpidual. Our brain may act as versatile as a computer but our mind power is the operating system that runs it all. The power of our mind is even greater than positive thinking. Why is that so? Undergraduates Very Often Tell Us: How much do I have to pay someone to make my assignment online? Professional writers recommend: Find Your Helping Hand! Let me use an analogy. Water is a substance which always takes the shape of its container, whatever it may be. In the same manner, our mind power can be designed or established based on the ideas that we conceive on it because it is a thing of habit. It is like a garden on where we can plant seeds that will grow someday to be our destiny, and yes, we are the gardener. Nevertheless, it is our responsibility to wisely choose what seeds are planted in the garden, what we inscribe in our minds for we are the sole master of our destiny. Since our mind power can change us, internally, it can also change the whole picture, or the whole world. It can even move mountains. With our mind power, we can erase some, if not all, of the most alarming issues that our society is facing. We can move mountains. One mountain that I would definitely like to move is the continuing abuse and addiction to drugs. According to the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), approximately 3.5 million Americans aged 12 or older reported trying heroin at least once during their lifetime, representing 1.5% of the population aged 12 or older (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings, September 2006). Alarming, isnt it? But with the use of the education that I acquired from the University of Oregon, I can put an end to this problem. Through education, I will be a good example to all the young people out there. I will awaken the sleeping minds of those who chose to become a victim of drug abuse by increasing their awareness of the serious damage that can be inflicted to them. Most importantly, I will ascertain that all the sales of drugs are monitored so as to prevent the increasing number of people who abuse drugs. And lastly, to those who are already held captive by the drugs, I will have them freed through rehabilitation. Another big mountain to move is the different kinds of pollution that are mercilessly trying to kill Mother Natureair pollution, water pollution, and land pollution. I will reduce the level of damage that air pollution has done by promoting more smoke-free zones and by controlling the kind of fuel used in automobiles. To control the amount of pollution in water, I will ask everyone (in this big world) to lend a hand by not throwing garbage anywhere. I will also educate the people against littering by hosting anti-litter campaigns and solid waste management programs. The world we live in is interacting with all its components, thus, a change in one of the many aspects will cause a great deal of change in the grand scheme of things. One persistent push can make everything move. One determined step can start a never-ending journey. And one person can make a lasting difference. Because nothing on Earth is so great that a person with a positive and strong mind power cannot move. If you need similar unique paper, can buy essay on our site. References: Kehoe, J. Learn Mind Power. 2004. http://www.learnmindpower.com. Online. May 25, 2007. http://www.increasebrainpower.com/mind-power.html. Online. May 25, 2007. Peters, T., Peters, S. Online magazine. http://www.topics-mag.com/edition01/problems.htm. 1997-2007. Online. May 25, 2007. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Results from the 2005 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: National Findings, http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/index.html. Online. May 25, 2007. http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/heroin/index.html. Online. May 25, 2007. http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_ed/grade10/ecology/conservation/poll.htm. Online. May 25, 2007.

Management Across Cultures free essay sample

What are some current issues facing Poland? What is the climate for doing business in Poland today? According to the Poland segment coined â€Å"In the International Spotlight†, Poland has been seeking economic liberation for an extensive number of years which could be a hindrance because they are considered a country with a transitioning economy. Government and legislation have held Poland back and thus are some of the current issues facing Poland. Poland is a positive climate however, for Poland is very attractive to MNCs. With Poland being centralized amongst the other European countries, MNCs have greater access to competitive nearby markets. In addition, productivity will need to increase in order for Poland to truly compete with Western European nations. Question #2: Is the Canadian manufacturing firm using an economic, political or quality imperative approach to strategy? I would say that the Canadian manufacturing firm is utilizing an economic strategy. They are making an attempt to take advantage of the economic situation in Poland via renovation at a plant near Warsaw so as to build power tools. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Across Cultures or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Question #3: How should the firm carry out the environmental scanning process? Would the process be of any practical value? All businesses are affected by external factors and therefore monitoring must be done in an effort to maintain heightened awareness of these factors; environmental scanning is a process where various relevant data is collected in order to make business decisions – these two go hand in hand. When entering a new market, like the Canadian firm plans to do in Poland, environmental scanning is essential and can contain practical value. They need to be focused on the external factors in addition to economic growth, income levels and/or employment rates as it relates to their market. Environmental scanning assists in making decisions related to expansion, innovation, and entering or leaving a market. Question #4: What are two key factors for success that will be important if this project is to be successful? The two key factors include the use of small power tools and the competitive nature of the industry. Poland needs to be able to be competitive and increase productivity. It is to the advantage of the Canadian firm that there is little to no competition since there is very low demand for power tools in the area. Hofstede  Dimension: Information I read in our textbook revealed that Poland is a hierarchical society where everyone seems to have a place in the order whereas in the United States hierarchy is established for convenience. The difference between the two in reference to the power distance revolves around the US being subordinate and recognizing their place in the hierarchy of Poland. Both Poland and the United States are defined as individualistic societies, but the Unites States exhibits a much stronger individualistic culture over Poland but because of the need for a hierarchy, a manager or business partner from the United States may have to utilize a second method of communication via a personal contact with everyone in the structure so as not to offend and stress the equality amongst the organization. Another factor to consider is the uncertainty of Poland per the Hofstede score. Poland seems to have very specific rules whereas the Unites States are a little more lax; therefore the need to follow the Poland based rules is essential to a successful business relationship.

Medical Marijuana Essay Essays

Medical Marijuana Essay Essays Medical Marijuana Essay Essay Medical Marijuana Essay Essay Introduction: â€Å"Cannabis isn’t for everybody. but patients are entitled to pick and take their ain medical specialty. † Michelle Rainey ( VanMusic. 2010. Pg. 1 )Thesis: The prescription drug companies dispense medical specialties that are harmful and that is what I am here to alter your heads about today. This will research what Medical Marijuana can be used for. the prevarications you’ve been told about Marijuana and how corrupt the Pharmaceutical drug companies are. Body: I. Why is Marijuana medical specialty? 1 ) What THC does in our organic structures ( Wikipedia Cannabinoid Receptor. n. d. . Pg. 1 ) * Cannabinoid receptors are activated by 3 major groups of: Ligands. Endocannabinoids ( found in the mammalian organic structure ) and Plant Cannabinoids ( found in THC in workss ) . 2 ) What can Marijuana handle? ( Wikipedia Medical Cannabis. n. d. . Pg. 3 ) * Crones Disease. Glaucoma. Anorexia Nervosa. Huntington’s Disease. Arthritis. Epilepsy. Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. Distoria. A. I. D. S. . H. I. V. . Menstrual Cramps. Digestive Diseases. Cancer. Alzheimer’s Disease. Appetite Stimulant. Anxiety. P. M. S. . Pruritus. Leukemia. Methicillin- Resistant Disease. Tourette Syndrome. Multiple Syntosis. Multiple Sclerosis. Bi- Polar Disorder. Tics. Insomnia. Psoriasis. Fibromyalgia. Migraines. Hepatitis C. Painkiller. Parkinson’s Disease. Depression. Asthma. Nausea. 3 ) How do you devour it?* Vaporizers* Bongs* Joints* Pipes* Drinking fountains* FoodII. The prevarications around Marijuana usage.4 ) The Gateway Theory ( Harvey B. -The Union. 2007. Documentary )* Harry Anslinger’s â€Å"Stepping Stone Theory†* â€Å"If you step on this rock Marijuana. so you are bound and determined to travel onto the following rock. which would be one of the so called difficult drugs. † * For every 104 Marijuana users. 1 utilizations Cocaine and less than 1 usage Heroin. 5 ) Marijuana Kills Brain Cells ( Harvey B. -The Union. 2007. Documentary ) * The 1947 Dr. Heath/ Tulane Study* Monkeys were administered 30 Columbian strength Marijuana cigarettes mundane for 1 twelvemonth. Brain harm was determined by numbering the encephalon cells of the monkeys that were given the Marijuana and 1s that has non. 6 ) Marijuana will kill you ( Harvey B. -The Union. 2007. Documentary ) * There has neer been one recorded decease that was straight attributed to Marijuana usage. III. How Corrupt is the Pharmaceutical Companies? 7 ) Marinol ( DEAsucks. com. n. d. Pg. 1 ) ( Morrow A. . 2009. Pg. 1 )* THC that has been synthetically reproduced as a prescription drug.* Nauseated or purging people can non get down pills.* Less dose control/ Longer to let go of into system.* Costs $ 600- $ 1000 US per month. 8 ) Pharmaceutical Domination ( Goldacre B. . 2007. Pg. 1 ) ( Mercola. 2010. Pg. 1 ) * In the UK the pharmaceutical trade is the 3rd most profitable activity after finance. * In 2002. 10 US companies on the Fortune 500 list had combined international gross revenues of $ 217 Billion. * GlaxoSmithKline sued the South African authorities for seeking to provide A. I. D. S. victims with low-cost medical specialties. * Johnson A ; Johnson late pleaded guilty to illicitly advancing it’s epilepsy drug Topamax for psychiatric intents. Decision: Now that you know the truth about how corrupt the pharmaceutical companies are. the prevarications you’ve been told about Marijuana and how it can be used medically. Following clip you have an aching or hurting consider smoking a joint before heading out to see the physician. MentionsDEAsucks. com. ( n. d. ) . DEAsucks. com - Medical Marijuana – Myths V Facts.DEAsucks. com - The Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) sucks! . Retrieved March 7. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //deasucks. com/essays/marimyths. htm Mercola. ( 2010. November 18 ) . The Top 6 Drug Companies – Thugs of the Medical World. Natural Health Articles – Latest and Current Health News and Information by Dr. Mercola. Retrieved March 5. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //articles. mercola. com/sites/articles/archive/2010/11/18/drug-companies-are-ranked-in-the-top-100-corporate-criminals-of-the-1990s. aspx Goldacre. B. ( 2007. August 4 ) . Evil ways of the drug companies | Science | The Guardian. Latest US intelligence. universe intelligence. athletics and remark from the Guardian | guardiannews. com | The Guardian. Retrieved March 5. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. defender. co. uk/science/2007/aug/04/sciencenews Morrow. A. ( 2009. A pril 6 ) . Marinol V Marijuana – Marijuana and Marinol. About Palliative Care – Hospice and Palliative Care. Retrieved March 7. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //dying. about. com/od/symptommanagement/f/marinol_vs_MJ. htm Harvey. B. ( Director ) . ( 2007 ) . The Union – The Business Behind Getting High [ Documentary ] . Canada: Eagle Entertainment. VanMusic. ( 2010. October 21 ) . Pot Activist Dies After A Brave Battle With Cancer. VanMusic. Retrieved March 7. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. vanmusic. ca/news/michelle-rainey-dies-of-cancer Wikipedia. ( n. d. ) . Medical hemp – Wikipedia. the free encyclopaedia. Wikipedia. the free encyclopaedia. Retrieved March 7. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Medical_cannabis Wikipedia. ( n. d. ) . Cannabinoid receptor – Wikipedia. the free encyclopaedia. Wikipedia. the free encyclopaedia. Retrieved March 7. 2012. from hypertext transfer protocol: //en. wi kipedia. org/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor

Identifying Success Factors Implementing ERP in Small Organisations Dissertation

Identifying Success Factors Implementing ERP in Small Organisations - Dissertation Example Center of discussion in this paper are Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. They are computer software packages that enable companies to manage all of their operations, such as sales, manufacturing, inventory, accounting, etc. using a single platform. ERP systems officially arrived in the early 1990s, though they evolved over the previous few decades as the separate programs of each functional area began to be integrated into one program. The intent of a single integrated software package was to reduce the direct costs associated with multiple packages (re-entering, reformatting, and reconciling redundant data) while aiding the communication between the functional areas of a business, such as sales and production. The market for ERP systems continues to grow faster than any other software market with significant number of companies worldwide have already implemented an ERP system. The vast scope of an ERP system magnifies the typical "risk-reward" relationship of any business initiative. Davenport described ERP systems as profoundly complex pieces of software that require large investments of money, time and expertise. Correspondingly, he stated that although implementing an ERP system could deliver great rewards for a company, implementation failure could be fatal. In fact, many well- known companies experienced significant challenges implementing their ERP systems. This led researchers to provide insight into what organisations could do to increase their chances of implementation success, resulting in the identification of ERP system implementation Critical Success Factors (CSFs) (Al-Fawaz, Al-Salti, & Eldabi, 2008). Various authors have developed lists of CSF's (Al-Fawaz et al., 2008, AI-Mashari et al., 2003, Stratman and Roth, 2002, Umble et al., 2003). These factors are not specific to any particular ERP software program as they are based on the organisational aspects of the implementation rather than the technical functionality of the program. Exam ples of such factors include strategic visioning/planning, management support, project management, and training. Proficiently addressing these CSFs should increase the chances of a successful implementation (Ehie, 2005; Thomas & Huq, 2007). However, with so many factors involved in an ERP system implementation project, there can be no guarantee of implementation success. ERP systems, like many other technological advances, were initially implemented only at large organisations. Over the years, software vendors began to provide ERP systems specifically targeted for midsize market price tolerance and functionality requirements, leading more and more small organisations to implement ERP systems. Small organisations have been shown to posses significantly different characteristics when compared to large organisations (McAdam, 2002, Ghobadian and Gallear, 1996, Lee and Oakes, 1995). Their organisational structures and culture are relatively informal, their leadership is intimately involv ed in daily operations and typically lack long-term strategic planning. Furthermore, they have limited human and financial resources, and often lack a dedicated full-time Information Technology (IT) person. All of these factors combine into a significantly different organisational environment for an ERP system implementation when compared to large organisations. The existing research on ERP CSFs is heavily based on experiences at large organisations. This is understandable, considering that only a few small organisations had previously implemented ERP systems, which limited the ability to conduct research that is small organisation specific. Thus, more research is needed to identify the CSFs of ERP implementations at small organisations and how they compare to the established list of CSFs that is based on large organisatio

International Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

International Management - Essay Example Living for long in the same geography they share vast similarities. The challenges that this kind of complex countries present are both relevant to ongoing companies as well as for MNCs trying to enter these markets. When making a debut into one market, and preparing an entry strategy firms need to consider very much the national culture of the company, to evaluate whether the culture will help the business to flourish or whether the cultural norms will act as hindrance to the business and profitability. Any cultural theory is based on the assumption that there is no universal method of management theory. And in this global world, doing business in other countries require knowledge and empathy with the locals of the country, hence it is important to understand and be aware of the cultural differences when handling or dealing with cross cultural groups or individuals. Geert Hofstede has described five dimensions of differences in values between national cultures. The five dimensions of Geert Hofstede are Power Distance, Individualism versus Collectivism, Masculinity versus Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long-term versus Short-term orientation. The dimension, Power Distance tries to suggest the degree of inequality amongst the different members in a given culture. On a scale the dimension ranges from small to large. In cultures where Power Distance is small, members of the society relate to each other on a more equal level regardless of the status or authority of the people in consideration. Whereas, in large Power Distance situations, there is more formality in interaction amongst people. According to Hofstede, Pakistan has a score of 55 on the cultural scale; which compared to other regional countries is relatively low. It shows that Pakistan is somewhat in the middle and does not have a very large gap between the wealthy and the poor people in the country. But, still it does not strongly believe in the

Tumor Immunology - The Role of Tumor-Associated Macrophages Research Paper

Tumor Immunology - The Role of Tumor-Associated Macrophages - Research Paper Example Macrophages are multipurpose cells act in response to the stimulus in diverse tumors they release various macromolecules encompassing growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and enzymes that potentially control tumor augmentation, tumor angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and tumor metastasis. Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAM) act upon the invasive area where TAMs sway cancer cell motility, they also act on stroma and perivascular areas where they encourage metastasis and play an imperative role in avascular and perinecrotic regions so that hypoxic TAMs accelerate angiogenesis. The present article deals with the role of TAMs in promoting tumor induction and its role as anti-tumor agent and also the role of TAMs in malignancies. It is now established that tumor cells potentially block or elude the actions of TAMs at the site of the tumor. Molecules derived from tumor cells also activate TAM elevate survival as well as the proliferation of tumor cells. On the other hand, TAMs induce tumor angiogenesis through the production of mitogens, growth factors, and enzymes. Monocyte-macrophage lineage cells get polarized activated into M1 and M2 cells. An M1 form of macrophage activation encompasses IFN-ÃŽ ³ based cytokines, GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), LPS and TNF. They are distinguished by IL-12, IL-23(both high), IL-10 (low) and profuse quantity of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediary and inflammatory cytokines. Whereas M2 is a macrophage activation as a result of IL-4, IL13, IC (Immune complexes), IL-10 as well as glucocorticoid hormones. M2 are involved in Th2 response and perform immunoregulatory functions and plays role in tumor progression.

What Is Security Dilemma Politics Essay

What Is Security Dilemma Politics Essay There are a number of security dilemmas currently working in Asia. This security conflict is driven by the competitions between pairs of countries different in their capabilities. Here, Pakistan views India as its primary threat, which in turn views China as its principal security concern. China on the other hand regards the United States as a challenger to its dominance in Asia and the United States is trying its best to maintain its hegemony and the consequent status quo. The unequal relationships in Asia have the ability to thwart global arms control and non-proliferation efforts.  [1]  They also have the deadly potential to fuel a dramatic expansion of ballistic missile and nuclear proliferation throughout the region.  [2]  Scholars gathered at a Russian think tank known as Institute of World Economy and International Relations (Imemo), which advises Kremlin, talked about the threat of nuclear war in South Asia being greater than anywhere else in the world today.  [3]   What is Security? National security has figured prominently in academic and political discussions of foreign policy and international politics since the end of World War II. Richard Ullman defines threat to national security as an action or sequence of events that threatens drastically so as to degrade the quality of life for inhabitants of a state or threatens significantly to narrow the range of policy choices of a state. The term security in International Relations has conventionally been defined to mean protection of a state or nation to threats emanating from within as well as outside its boundaries. According to Walter Lippmann, a nation is secure to the extent to which it is not in danger of having to sacrifice core values, if it wishes to avoid war, and is able, if challenged, to maintain them by such victory in such a war.  [4]  The security of a nation rises and falls with its ability to deter such attacks on its sovereignty and territory. The Western nations and the Euro-centric view of International Relations has largely identified this position with the Realist school of thought that focuses mainly on acquiring more power in the anarchic system. Scholars from the Realist school of thought have always argued that states are self-interested, power-seeking rational actors, who seek to maximize their security and chances of survival. In their view even if there is cooperation between states it is only to maximize their own security and not for any idealistic reasons. The modern nation-state is the highest form of political order we have so far been able to develop and sustain. It evolved into its present form through the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, needed to secure itself from external threats and keep its territory intact. The history is testimony to the fact that the states in the international system are unable to coexist with each other in harmony and have made each other insecure by their mere existence. Their actions in pursuit of their national security have often resulted in frequent wars when combined with that of others. Thus the concept of security as developed in the early years of security studies post Second World War took State as a unit of analysis. What is Security Dilemma? The states in the international system through their actions try to enhance their security as much as possible. There interactions are primarily responses to what is known as Security Dilemma in the literature on International Relations. It is also known as the Spiral Model. John Herz was the first to coin the term security dilemma in his 1951 book Political Realism and Political Idealism. According to him the states are driven to acquire more and more power in order to escape the impact of the power of others. This, in turn, renders the others more insecure and compels them to prepare for the worst.  [5]  In contrast to other classical realists of the time who focused on human nature as the main difficulty, he based his concept on the anarchic structure of the international system. The security dilemma is the core assumption of Defensive Realism, which believes that due to the anarchic structure of the international system, states focus mainly on their survival through any means making them obsessed with security.  [6]  In International Relations, Defensive Realism is a variant of Structural Realism with famous international relations scholar Kenneth Waltz propagating this notion. Waltz argues that the security dilemma is escapable because the weaker states will try to balance against their rivals and bandwagon with the stronger state in order to gain security in event on an attack by the enemy state. In contrast to this Offensive Realism, another variant of Structural Realism believes that states want to accumulate more power rather than just secure themselves. It points out that if states are able to gain an advantage or an edge, they will readily do so. John Mearsheimer, the strongest proponent of Offensive Realism argues that no state can be sure of other states intentions, which can change over a course of time and use its offensive capabilities.  [7]  He is in agreement with Hans Morgenthau, one of the earliest proponents of Realism in Intern ational Politics, that there is not limit of states desire for power. For Mearsheimer the security dilemma is inescapable, as the anarchic nature of the international system will force states to maximize power and enhance their security because they cannot trust each other. Neorealists and Constructivist schools of thought have also used security dilemma as a concept. Neoliberal scholars argue that one of the functions of international institutions is to alleviate security dilemma.  [8]  Whereas Constructivists assert that alleviating the security dilemma is one of the channels through which reshaping identity can remake anarchy.  [9]   Robert Jervis explains this concept as the notion that increasing a states security causes other states to increase their own security, which in turn decreases the security of the first.  [10]  The system thus coerces the states into taking certain losses to cooperate in order to bring stability and relative security. Yet the inherent desire remains to dominate the political arena through cheating, bargaining and collaborating to hinder cooperation. A security dilemma arises out of the anarchic nature of the International System. Each state has to take responsibility for its own security in the system of self-help for its own survival. Without any government at the international level, the states are left to fend for themselves. This leads to states taking every possible step to expand their capabilities in every sphere, be it economy or military, to defend itself when the time comes. The states in order to secure themselves forget about the security apprehension of the neighbori ng states and compel them to take counter-measures to enhance their security. They begin to prepare for the worst, and this common search for security leaves them more insecure then they were before. A case in example talked about in our class on National Security would be India acquiring nuclear capabilities, which put pressure on Pakistan to get nuclear weapons. The process, which started in 1960s, and 70s has left India more insecure now then ever before as Pakistan has refused to agree with a no first-use policy on nuclear weapons like India. It purportedly has more nuclear warheads than India according to the estimates of many reputed think tanks internationally. Jervis identifies a number of the factors associated with security dilemma that impede states ability to work cooperatively towards a mutually desired goal of general security. He mentions intentions, capabilities, creation of buffer states, indications of aggressive intents and incorrect perception of weapons acquired for defensive purposes. The Security Dilemma in Sino-Indian Relations: The scholars of International Relations agree that there would be a geo-political shift from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean. And it can be forcefully argued that China and India will dominate the events of the region as rising powers in the international system. Considering the past shared by these two countries after coming to their own, the chances of a classic case of great power competition are numerous. It can be better understood by studying the first Sino-Indian border conflict and the series of skirmishes between them in 1962. The war was a result of tensions that arose during the 1959 Tibetan uprising and the subsequent asylum given to the Dalai Lama after the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) took control of the territory. India on its part can also be blamed for adopting a Forward Policy intended to demonstrate its control of the disputed areas. Fifty years have now been passed since the Sino-Indian conflict and the perceptions in both the countries about each other still remain highly suspicious. There has been constant tussle over various issues between these two countries ranging from Chinas security ties with countries in the South Asian-Indian Ocean region to Indias growing interest in the South China Sea and areas China considers as its sphere of influence. India with its Look East policy has been seeking for deeper engagements with the countries earlier known as Indochina. China on the other hand has long supported Pakistan, Indias archrival, with its nuclear program and infrastructure development. These two countries have left no stone unturned to rattle each other over their actions, which are skeptically viewed and enlarged by hostile media on both sides. It has become one of the most significant factors for the deep-rooted suspicion between the two Asian giants. In this classic Great Power rivalry, China is trying hard to win by keeping New Delhi occupied within the South Asian region. China considers itself as a global power while wants to keep India as only a regional power limited to South Asia. Indias recent ascent in the international scenario with its billion-plus population and growing economy has raised eyebrows in China. The strategy China has applied is to keep aiding Pakistan in its relations with India, which will keep it occupied in the South Asian region and China can expand in the Indo-Pacific till then. While China has slowly inched towards equidistance between India and Pakistan, it continues to have a pronounced tilt towards Pakistan, which casts an inevitable shadow over the Sino- Indian relationship. Chinas other major patron-client relationship in the region is with Myanmar. This is less threatening from Indias standpoint, since Chinas interest in the relationship is not India- centric, and India for its part is consciou sly seeking to upgrade its own ties with Myanmar with some limited success. The notion of security dilemma throws substantial light on the complex relationship between China and India since the past six decades. Conclusion: As the two powers become more economically interlinked war becomes a secondary or a last resort option for them. The decision-makers in both New Delhi and Beijing are conscious of this fact. A key question that remains is whether India and China will remain satisfied with relatively small strategic forces or whether they will seek to develop large, operationally deployed forces.  [11]  India and China are expected to further spread their Spheres of Influence in the Indo-Pacific region with the US willing to support New Delhi as part of its own forward policy in the region. India has to tackle one of the major problems faced in democratic countries that being more reactive than pro-active hampers the policymaking.  [12]  The reason behind this is that the political class in India is not much familiar to international relations and foreign policy receives very little emphasis in the course of day-to-day politics. Though Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh is not a classic profess ional politician, and could even be considered more of a statesman, the tendency to look inward has prevented a more active engagement with the outside world.

Conflict and Generosity Within the Grapes of Wrath Essay

When a family becomes a victim to severe debt, attitudes change, the family tends to grow apart, and the members must cope. This was common during the Great Depression in the 1930’s after the collapse of the stock market, and a plethora of families flooded to California in search of a promising future. Home to Tom Joad and his family, the deteriorating economy of the Great Depression depicts the changing attitudes of many families and how they adapted to this difficult time period. The work captures how many families like the Joads have to change to accommodate the financial shortage of the 1930s, and how they grow with this struggle. With that, John Steinbeck constructs The Grapes of Wrath to include a family that is still generous in the midst of many trials and tribulations. The Grapes of Wrath depicts how great struggle is juxtaposed with an immense appetite for wealth, and how this conflict elicits generosity. John Steinbeck grew up around Salinas, California. Even though he was not raised by parents who were poor, he witnessed discrimination upon the many dust bowl migrant workers who came from states that were â€Å"less fortunate† like Oklahoma and Texas. Steinbeck channeled his anger and frustration from observing the heartbreak and struggle during the Great Depression into crafting The Grapes of Wrath. According to Carroll Britch and Cliff Lewis in their article â€Å"Growth of the Family in The Grapes of Wrath,† â€Å"Although it addresses issues of great sociological change, The Grapes of Wrath is at its core about the family and struggle of its members to assert their separate identities without breaking up the family. 1)† He utilized his aggravation for the people to illustrate the drastic changes that occur in the characters over a period of time, such as the way in which the community is altered when financial hardship is imminent. But for Tom Joad and his family, staying together as a whole is one aspect that has not yet been lost in the troubling times. Though the Joad family has had a great deal of troubling experiences, in a way this brings them closer holistically. The way that Steinbeck crafts the family to adapt to the varying conditions like when someone dies, or loses work, llustrates how the family becomes more resilient to variety. The Joads and many families like them must leave behind their felt notions of idealism and work towards an â€Å"I to We† relationship with the others if they are going to survive during this great struggle, especially with the way that nothing financial wise is stable during the depression. For a large percent of the population, the scarcity of funds leads to chaos within families and friends across America. The hedonistic views of the public drive people virtually insane, with car salesmen selling run-down vehicles for outrageous prices, to corrupted citizens stealing from stores who are going out of business. With money no longer an abundant commodity, banks and businesses began to shut down and fail, forcing many hard-working Americans to begin a life on the streets, which is not a welcoming new habitat by any stretch. This relates to the novel in that the Joads were forced out of their farm and had no choice but to flee to California in search of work and a brighter future, which appears to be a promising alternative. Though the trend to fall a victim to the circumstances is growing, there are still some people like Tom Joad and his family who do not seem to fit this statistic yet. When the family reaches the government camp Weedpatch, they to some extent â€Å"forget† about the troubles of the economy. Warren French in his article Chapter 6: From Naturalism to the Drama of Consciousness—The Education of the Heart in the Grapes of Wrath, states that, â€Å"The self- governing arrangement of the camp also makes the Joads feel like decent people again (4). This shows how despite the troubling situation, the Joads can still find remote happiness among a time of desperation. There is an apparent change in attitude once the Joads reach the Weedpatch camp. Warren French writes; â€Å"The easy atmosphere of the government camp, where—as one man observes—â€Å"We’re all a- workin’ together† (448), is in striking contrast to the tense atmosphere at the Hooper Ranch. There the prevailing attitudes are epitomized by a checker’s remark that putting holes in the bottom of buckets â€Å"keeps people from stealing them (4). This suggests that having others to work alongside of eases the tension of being forced to work for almost nothing. The atmosphere seems lighter at the Weedpatch camp due to the migrant workers having others with similar circumstances amongst them. This makes the thought of poverty less menacing because for the migrant workers at the camp, they are beginning to collaborate and become a unit. Another aspect of â€Å"working together† is shown after the miscarriage of Rosasharn’s baby. If the baby was not kin to Pa Joad and the family, he may never have been motivated to build a dike so his family can stay dry. Britch and Lewis quote Steinbeck in their article, â€Å"Well, we ain’t doin nothin’†¦. We can do her if ever’body helps. † Building the dike with Wainwright and the others replenishes Pa Joad’s spirit, and teaches him that there is way more to be achieved with the â€Å"We† attitude. A major turning point in The Grapes of Wrath transpires when Tom murders the man that killed Casy. Though Tom committed a crime, Ma Joad and the family suggest that hiding him from the authorities would be a decent idea. The family pleads for him to stay but quickly realizes he must leave to avoid getting arrested. This occurrence represents the growth of the family unit, the way they care for one of their own even though he is now a criminal shows the drastic change that has developed over the course of the Great Depression. This also depicts how the situation elicits generosity within the family. It is imperative that Tom leaves the family but aside that, Ma Joad and the others beg for Tom to stay. The difficult situation made them realize how quickly they can lose Tom, and with that the desire to help Tom is now apparent. The Joads have gone through a metamorphosis with their attitudes and thoughts towards one another. Due to the series of events the Joads have encountered, they have faced many obstacles and this brings them closer over all. A significant incident like this causes the family unit to become more protective over the other members, even after losing Tom, Noah, and Connie. All of the events that transpired along the course of the novel have affected the overall dynamic of the Joad family either positively or negatively, more so positively. With that, if nothing else, the experience of having to survive amongst one another in a time of great sociological downfall mends the family closer than one would think. The family traveled together, they slept together, and they even worked together. The Joads spent gratuitous amounts time as one unit just in completing those tasks, so even when bonding was not necessarily a part of the agenda, the way in which they became used to each other blossomed rather quickly into a stronger relationship for the family. Generosity amongst the Joad family was more or less noticeable in the beginning of the novel, and became more of a characteristic of the family as the story progressed. The hardships they faced along the way with searching for work subconsciously drew the family closer. The longer the Joads were among one another, and the more trials and tribulations they faced, generosity among the group developed into the norm. This transformed the Joads from the persona of an average family, into an inseparable unit of people who fought for one another.

Scholarship Letter Sample

Sample Scholarship Inquiry Letter This letter provides a sample format for inquiring about private student aid funds. Of course, you must first identify foundations and organizations which offer such assistance well in advance of any application deadlines. You can get help finding the names and addresses of private aid sources by conducting a scholarship search on the Internet or from a reference librarian in your public library or local school.Once you have obtained contact information you will need to customize this letter to reflect your own background and needs by replacing the bracketed boldface text below. [Your Street Address] [Your City, State and Zip] [Ms. Susan B. A. Dollar] [Director of Big Money Awards] [Lots of Money Organization] [P. O. Box 9999] [Moneytown, USA 99999-9999] Dear Ms. Dollar: I am writing to inquire about any student financial assistance that the [Lots of Money Organization] may offer to college-bound students. Enter a concise paragraph about your backgr ound and goals. Try to show how you meet the requirements of the organization’s financial assistance programs. If this is a letter to find out if the organization offers aid, write a short paragraph about how your background and ambitions coincide with the mission of the organization and might qualify you for assistance that may be offered. I would greatly appreciate information about any student financial assistance available through your organization, including how I may apply for this assistance. Information about application forms and deadlines for the [20XX-XX] academic year would also be appreciated. If you require any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me by phone at [your area code and phone number] or via e-mail at [your e-mail address]. Thank you for your consideration. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely, [Your Name] Â © NASFAA 2008 1

The Handmaids Tale Essays

The Handmaids Tale Essays The Handmaids Tale Paper The Handmaids Tale Paper Essay Topic: Literature The Handmaids Tale is set in the near future in what was the United States but in Offreds time is known as Gilead. Gilead is in the hands of a power hungry elite who have used their own brand of Bible based religion as an excuse for the suppression of the majority of the population. Atwood takes aspects of our society today such as the decline of the Caucasian birth rate in North America, infertility and sexually transmitted diseases and makes a society within Gilead that combats these issues. Atwood states there is nothing in the novel which has not been done already by somebody, somewhere. The Handmaids Tale is Atwoods version of what if? in the most powerful democracy in the world. Atwood takes a common setting which is the United States known to us as the most powerful democracy in the world and takes issues which affect the world today and uses these aspects of life to create a horrifying dystopian novel. Gilead is frightening because it presents a mirror image of what is happening in the world around us. The first sentence in Chapter one is We slept in what had once been the gymnasium. When people have to sleep in a communal place after a natural disaster they are often relocated to a gymnasium or other such place. In this case the reader wonders what natural disaster has hit Gilead and why is it necessary to sleep in a gymnasium. We later on learn that a natural disaster has not struck and this is in fact the work of human beings. This effectively conveys the dystopian world. The people in the gymnasium have had their choice removed. The wall is a significant object in Gilead. It is not a person but it is the most powerful resource in the Gilead regime because it creates fear. The guards of the complex Offred is held in at the beginning of the novel arent even allowed inside it. With the men not allowed in the Red Center and the women now allowed outside of it, they are each isolated from each other. Even though women are isolated from men, they are also separated from each other. Women are segregated further into social classes, such as the Handmaid or the lowly Econowife. These women are separated by their function of society, and they are identified with the color they wear. Handmaids wear red, which Offred is opposed to because she never looked good in red (14). Her opposition to the color shows the limits of her decision-making (if it can be argued that she makes any at all). All women are separated according to their colors, whether it was red, the green that the Marthas wear, black, or the ugly stripes of the Econowives. While all women were separated into classes, identifiable by their color, this was not the end of Offreds removal from society. Even between women of the same class, Offred being a Handmaid, communication is still heavily regulated. Even before she is a Handmaid, when she is in the gymnasium, the other women and she are held with little sense of community. They can only reach out and touch one another when the Aunts werent looking (10) in the dark, showing the sense of separating between women and the enforcement of that separation from women of a different class, the Aunts. When Offred and another Handmaid are allowed to be together (allowed in the sense that it is an illusion that is really an attempt to keep them in line by preying on their fears that the other may be an Eye), they are almost afraid to talk to one another. Praise be (28) is Just one of the many examples of the automated responses that the Handmaids are able to give ach other and anyone else they come into contact with. The mistrust of Handmaids even between one another caused by the Eyes further separates Offred, and indeed all other women. composition of her thoughts is an act of rebellion against that isolation. She thrives on the idea that if she tells her story she is creating a community. Any story that is told must have an audience, so by narrating her story she is believing [the reader] into being (267) and creating a community of her own. Throughout the entire novel, Offred is trying to create a community. The Latin that is carved into the wood of her(? room gives her a sense of connection with someone, even if they had never met. She makes up a story for this person, how they may have actually escaped, and thinking up a story for her to believe makes the person who was there before her real, and she would feel some sort of connection with them. Offred wants to continue this trend when she wants to steal something (114). She wants to steal something, which she decides should be a flower, so she could leave it [under the mattress], for the next woman (115) to have. She uses these objects to symbolize the idea of connection and community within the Handmaids, the ones ho are all connected by that one room and the objects that are found in it. Though Offred looks for connection with the other Handmaids, perhaps the stronger community she feels, the one that dominates her mind for a good portion of the novel, is that with her own family. Luke and her daughter give Offred a sense of community, and she spends an excessive amount of time wondering about Luke and thinking about their past. She explains to the reader her connection with Luke and how the two had an affair before they were married. One night while she lies awake in bed, she thinks up all of the cenarios of what could have happened to Luke the night they were trying to escape into Canada. She dreams up three situations and thinks them all at once because one of them must be (122) true, though she hopes that Luke, their daughter, and herself will one day be all three of us together (122), and obvious longing for the idea of community in her own family as well as the other Handmaids. Resistance to the totalitarian regime and its oppressive nature is, for the large part, futile. This is made obvious by the percentage of women who are bound to their duties. Only one woman that Offred knows of, Moria, has ever escaped. Only one woman out of all of the Handmaids and Econowives and other women has ever escaped, but even that offers some hope for a little while. Even after Moira escapes, she is recaptured and ends up living her life as a prostitute, and hasnt really escaped to freedom. When Offred meets her against she notes that Moira is lacking the rebellious attitude that used to be so central to her (284), and it appears that even Moira, the lesbian symbol of feminism and rebellion against male oppression, has been broken down and now possesses a lack of volition (284). The evidence of he futility of resistance is abundant in the text. Perhaps the biggest, if not the most demoralizing of this evidence is the note that is left behind by the previous Handmaid, the nolite (174). ind, and she makes her a strong symbol of resistance to the Gilead regime. By knowing that the previous Handmaid scratched such a motivating line, not letting the bastards get you down (228), Offred is given a sense of resistance. It isnt until the Commander tells her that the previous Handmaid killed herself that Offred is struck by a demoralizing realization: the previous Handmaid let the bastards get her down. This is strong, upsetting evidence to Offred that perhaps there is no escape and that resistance is ultimately fruitless. When Offred mentions that she feels for the first time, their true power (286), she is basically giving into the regime and giving up all of the past hopes of resistance she had. She says that they can do whatever they like with me. I am abject (286) after Ofglens death, and she now feels compelled to stop resisting and succumb to the Gilead. When she is confronted by Serena Joy after she becomes abject (286), she is completely void of any type of resistance, even when threatened with ending up Just ike the other [Handmaid] (349). Though this does not occur toward the end of the novel, the idea of resistance being useless is drilled into their heads the entire novel. Even after Janine is raped and has to have an abortion, she is made to feel like she is the one who is guilty. She is called crybaby (86) by the rest of the Handmaids when she is recounting the events and cries because of them. The Handmaids are all coerced by Aunt Helena into blaming Janine for her own rape, and that it was her fault, her fault, her fault (85) and that God allowed such a terrible thing (86) to teach her a lesson, teach her a lesson, teach her a lesson (86). When the Handmaids all chant these responses in unison against Janine it seems to break down the resistance that each of the Handmaids has against Gilead. By hearing themselves chant it they are conditioned to think of themselves as second-class citizens and that they are to be blamed by things that may be out of their control. It even forces the Handmaids to despise [Janine] (86) after she begins crying because of how ugly she looks while she is crying, when in fact she is only crying because of he rest of the Handmaids blaming her for her abuse. When the Commander first asks Offred to play Scrabble with him, she is deeply puzzled and amused by it. The Commanders room was thought to be the forbidden room (1 38), and Scrabble was harmless compared to what Offred could imagine being in this room. However, upon considering it a bit longer, though she knew only old men and women played it when there was nothing good on television (1 38), Scrabble now interests Offred the way it hadnt before. Now that the game had been outlawed for he, it seemed dangerous and indecent (138), and the fact that it is onsidered enviable when it hadnt been before. When Offred mentions that context is all (144), she means it in the way that she does when she considers Scrabble indecent. Context is unique to the situation and the way it is perceived. When Scrabble was once boring, now that it is available in a situation where Offred would otherwise not be able to play, it seems enticing. reader, may seem menial and unimportant are now considered sexual or indecent because of the context they are put in. When Offred is reading a magazine, because Handmaids are not allowed to read, the Commander is watching her and Offred nows that he found pleasure in seeing [her read] (153). Offred knows that she should feel evil for reading and that the Commander gets some sort of sexual gratification out of Just watching her read. During the Ceremony, the Commander, as well as Offred, seems blank while they are attempting to get Offred pregnant. He is approaching it as if it is a duty and it should be pleasurable, and when he is done he leaves because he thinks it is impersonal (156). Context plays a large role in him unable to find pleasure in sex with Offred but he finds a large amount of pleasure in watching her read and do hings that are forbidden because of the idea that they are doing things that are considered illegal. Offred sees Gilead as a totalitarian regime that means to take away the ability for Offred as well as other Handmaids to own her own body. She is given freedom from as opposed to freedom to (24). Context is important to the novel because it is from the point of view of Offred. Because it is from her point of view, the entire novel makes Gilead seem oppressive and an evil totalitarian regime. The reader is made to become sympathetic to the plight of Offred and those like her because of the idea hat she is being repressed by a government that step in to power when the government of the United States was taken out. The idea of nolite te bastardes carborun-dorum (54), or not letting the bastards (Gilead) get you down, depicts Gilead as trying to get Handmaids down. The Salvaging, the bodies hanging on the wall, and the abundance of suicide in the novel all paint a portrait of Gilead as uncaring and unfeeling toward the plight of the women. The reader is meant to think this until the Historical Facts section, where Professor Pieixoto is giving a presentation n Gilead. When the point of reference is changed from the oppressed Offred to that of Professor Pieixoto, the readers understanding of Gilead changes radically as well. Pieixoto warns against passing moral Judgment upon the Gileadeans (292) because of the pressure the government was under and the extraordinary circumstances they faced. The presentation of Pieixoto starkly contradicts the portrayal of Gilead by Offreds section of the novel. Declining population numbers as a result of birth control and toxins led to the radical changes in the attitude towards women in Gilead, and women became vessels to try to sustain life. Gilead was strongly driven by religion and the Christian Bible, as was seen in the Ceremony where a man and his wife would use a Handmaid to produce a child to be taken by the Wife. Context as being the most important idea in interpreting a novel is only understood after reading the section with Professor Pieixoto. After the reader is conditioned to being sympathetic toward Offered because it is from her point of view, novel when the novel suddenly becomes understanding, if not sympathetic, to Gilead.

Overview of United States v. Susan B. Anthony

Overview of United States v. Susan B. Anthony The United States v. Susan B. Anthony is a milestone in womens history, a court case in 1873. Susan B. Anthony was tried in court for illegally voting. Her attorneys unsuccessfully claimed that citizenship of women gave to women the constitutional right to vote. Dates of Trial June 17-18, 1873 Background When women were not included in the constitutional amendment, the 15th, to extend suffrage to black men, some of those in the suffrage movement formed the National Woman Suffrage Association (the rival American Woman Suffrage Association supported the Fifteenth Amendment).  These included Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Some years after the 15th Amendment passed, Stanton, Anthony, and others developed a strategy of attempting to use the Fourteenth Amendments equal protection clause to claim that voting was a fundamental right and thus could not be denied to women.  Their plan: to challenge limits on women voting by registering to vote and attempting to vote, sometimes with the support of the local poll officials. Susan B. Anthony and Other Women Register and Vote Women in 10 states voted in 1871 and 1872, in defiance of state laws prohibiting women from voting. Most were prevented from voting. Some did cast ballots. In Rochester, New York, almost 50 women  attempted to register to vote in 1872. Susan B. Anthony and fourteen  other women were able, with the support of election inspectors, to register, but the others were turned back at that step.  These fifteen women then cast ballots in the presidential election on November 5, 1872, with the support of the local election officials in Rochester. Arrested and Charged With Illegal Voting On November 28, the registrars and the fifteen  women were arrested and charged with illegal voting. Only Anthony refused to pay bail; a judge released her anyway, and when another judge set new bail, the first judge paid the bail so that Anthony would not have to be jailed. While she was awaiting trial, Anthony used the incident to speak around Monroe County in New York, advocating for the position that the Fourteenth Amendment gave women the right to vote.  She said,  We no longer petition legislature or Congress to give us the right to vote, but appeal to women everywhere to exercise their too long neglected citizens right. Outcome The trial was held in U.S. District Court.  The jury found Anthony guilty, and the court fined Anthony $100. She refused to pay the fine and the judge did not require her to be jailed. A similar case made its way to the U.S. Supreme Court in 1875. In Minor v. Happersett,  On October 15, 1872,  Virginia Minor  applied to register to vote in Missouri.  She was turned down by the registrar and sued.  In this case, appeals took it to the Supreme Court, which ruled that the right of suffrage- the right to vote- is not a necessary privilege and immunity to which all citizens are entitled and that the Fourteenth Amendment did not add voting to basic citizenship rights. After this strategy failed, the National Woman Suffrage Association turned to promoting a national constitutional amendment to give women the vote.  This amendment did not pass until 1920, 14 years after Anthonys death and 18 years after Stantons death.

Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example This leads to the question of what really determine what a person buys? When and how he disposes the product? The different characteristics by consumer are known as consumer behavior. In simple terms, one can define consumer behavior as the processes involved when a person purchases, use or dispose a product (Michael, Askegaard & Hogg 2006, p. 33) from the definition we can depict that before a consumer make a purchase, use or dispose a product, first there are stages which are involved. Secondly, there are factors that affects their behavior before making a choice on what to purchase when purchasing and those that affect them after purchasing. It is these factors that help the seller or the marketer to win the customer and lure them to buy their product. Hence marketer should have a clear understanding what products and brands means to consumers , it is also important that he or she understand what it takes for the customer to purchase the product and use it. (Paul & Olson 2010, p.7) There are many theories that explain the subject consumer behavior such as economic man theory, psychodynamic theory, behaviorist theory, perception theory among many others. In this paper we will be looking at how the marketers in different companies use the perception theory consumer behavior to persuade customers to make more sales. People are normally drawn by what they see, feel, smell and hear, if they are able to identify themselves with it and they are pleased. Any customer in the market will always buy what please his or her eyes; a supermarket only keep it goods on display and buyer pick them depending on how they are pleased by them. It is from this that the theory of perception was developed. Perception is not a single event but a series of events that a person goes through when selecting, organizing and interpreting stimuli into a meaningful and coherent Consumer Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words Consumer Behaviour - Essay Example According to Bouhlel, Mzoughi and Slimane (2011), success of a marketing strategy for a brand is based on proper assessment of the nature of the consumers and their purchasing behavior. Marketing strategies and methodologies must be objective and results oriented to enable companies to achieve higher sales and thus increased revenue. Because consumers usually pass through certain steps before they decide to purchase any given brand, a company should ensure that its marketing strategies are designed in a manner which ensures that the awareness of the consumer for the product is created first before the consumer is convinced to have an interest in the brand and thus purchase it. This paper gives a critical analysis and discussion of the marketing activities of Red Bull GmbH, in the promotion of their Red Bull energy drink to its consumers. Consumer behavior models and theories such as the Reasoned Action Theory, The Hierarchy of Effects Model and the Multi Attribute Attitude Model are used to illustrate how the Red Bull marketing strategies create a positive attitude of consumers towards the brand. Red Bull Red bull is an energy drink which was created in 1987 by an Austrian entrepreneur. It has become the most popular energy drink in the world. The energy drink, which is sold by Red Bull GmbH, has become an essential commodity and is used every day in many households across the world as described by Marketing Week (2006, p. 33). The marketing activities of the energy drink have been internationalized with aggressive promotional activities which aim at generating a positive attitude from the consumers of the energy drink as a way of having a competitive advantage over rival brands. Through sponsoring various sporting activities across the world, the marketing activities of the brand have influenced the behavior of the consumers which has resulted into the immense success of the company with ever increasing sales of the brand. Moreover, the appeal of the brand to the consumers has been made possible by the company’s hosting of various events in addition to the use of celebrities to capture the attention of the consumers and thus arousing their desire for the brand. The public image on Red Bull has been promoted by associating the product with the activities it sponsors or hosts and thus causing the consumers to be influenced by the power of the brand that is illustrated by its marketing images. Additionally, the company has also influenced the psychology of the consumers through the energy drink’s slender and well designed cans which are preferred more than those of its business rivals. Moses (2011, p. 23) says that the desire of the consumer for Red Bull is created by its slogan â€Å"it gives you wings† which is used in the energy drink’s marketing activities to influence the behavior of its consumers with an aim of making them to reach a decision of purchasing the product. Consumer Attitude Models Mazis, Ahtola and Klippel (1995, p. 38) say that it is through a positive attitude for a product that the interest of a consumer for that brand is created. To promote the attitudes of the consumers for Red Bull, the company has shifted the promotional activities of the brand from product branding to lifestyle branding. The consumers thus view the product as part of their lifestyle and thus the enhanced attitude for the brand. Khermouch (1998, p. 16) explains that the

Synergy between law and business ethics Dissertation

Synergy between law and business ethics - Dissertation Example men intent on trying to maximise profit in business present a disposition for resisting illegal or immoral conduct based only on a fear of sanction imposed by law. Ethics, morality, virtue and that which is good means little, if nothing, to bad men. Because profit is important for business, and laws are rules that emerge after compromise between conflicting ideologies and ethical points of view to present grey areas and loopholes, creative attempts at circumvention are always possible. However, business itself cannot remain aloof from ethical conduct to remain unconcerned about business ethic because to do this presents a risk of damage and loss arising out of a lack of harmony with stakeholders. Thus, it makes sense for business to emphasise on an ethical culture in addition to compliance with law, and it makes sense for a government to enact and to implement fair laws to regulate business while emphasising on the ethic in business to deliver for all stakeholders. History has demons trated that law alone cannot deliver good business, and business depends on those that are well versed in both business and ethics to make the right decisions. For Aristotle, virtue, and personal integrity mattered most and this is still significant in the present day and age. Thus, a need exists for a synergy between law and business ethic to deliver ethical business in a society, and this dissertation examines this synergy of law and business ethics. (This page intentionally left blank) CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES ______________________________________ Business ethics derive from a broader concept of ethics that attempts to examine what is right and wrong behaviour for the conduct of business under a set of impressed circumstances. 1 Ethics is a branch of philosophy that tries... The author of the dissertation "Synergy between law and business ethics" considers that business ethics derive from a broader concept of ethics that attempts to examine what is right and wrong behaviour for the conduct of business under a set of impressed circumstances. Ethics is a branch of philosophy that tries to understand better morality, the derivation of moral principles and the application of morality to conduct of business or individuals. Within the context of business, no special set of ethical principles applies only to the world of business, and immoral acts are wrong regardless of whether or not a businessperson has committed them. Business ethics helps decide about what is right and wrong within the context of business settings to understand better moral issues arising from business practice, decision-making and the working of institutions. The conduct of business presents many challenges to those involved in business and reports of insider trading, fraudulent earning s tatements, and manipulation of corporate statements. demonstrates ethical challenges associated with the conduct of business. Ethical conduct must prevail in employment relationships, in relationship between business and customers, product safety, compensation of workers, sustainability in business operations and commitment of business to the uplift of a society in which it operates, etc. Failure of a business to act in an ethical manner damages parties that deal with a business, the society in which a business operates and the business itself.

Research paper on mapreduce Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

On mapreduce - Research Paper Example Reduce collects relevant parts from the locations where the map function occurred and return the result to HDFS. IBM defines MapReduce based on its association with Hadoop (IBM 1). The company affirms that MapReduce denotes two distinct roles performed by Hadoop programs. The initial role pertains to map job. It engages data and changes it into another set by breaking down individual aspects into value pairs (IBM 1). Reduce job engages the output generated by a map and engages it to produces smaller value pairs. Based on IBM definition, it is clear that MapReduce is a popular programming technology that allows the use of many computers in order to process huge amount of data. It helps in coordinating tasks in order to avoid issues such as input problems and harmonization delays. One can perform various tasks such as data mining and graph processing using this concept. The concept is popular in industries and conducting complex researches. An example of commonly use MapReduce implementations is Hadoop. Vianna, Almeida & Kuno (1) further define Map Reduce based on its sorting process. The authors indicate that when one has many sets of records and he needs to sort or process them in a specific order, he may use MapReduce. MapReduce is an invention that allows an individual to use Mappers that have sorting keys that dive the data set based on the values associated with them. Vianna, Almeida & Kuno (1) further define MapReduce as a process involving the combination all the sorted data. This concept is usually applied in data analysis. The authors provide an example of MapReduce as used in data filtering. They indicate that when one has sets of records that require arrangements to ensure they meet a certain condition, he can filter them using MapReduce. For instance, one can filter the records using Mappers which produce transformed versions of the

The Influence of English on My Writing Skills Essay Example for Free

The Influence of English on My Writing Skills Essay I started learning English when I was 10. I found learning foreign language very entertaining, useful and, funny. In a very short time period I learned to speak English quite good and I was able to understand American movies without subtitles. As time was passing, my English was gradually improving and after couple of years I was able to speak it fluently. When it comes to writing, however, I was struggling from the very beginning. Even though I could speak English fluently, I never was really able to print my thoughts on piece of paper. When I was in high school, the English teacher thought that level of my English was among the highest in a class. However, she would never understand my poor performance on written tasks. She was very surprised that I can speak English so well, but still perform poor on essays. In the beginning, the professor though it is due my poor writing skills in general. But, on the other side, my essay grades in Bosnian very excellent, and Bosnian teacher would speak in superlatives about me. So one day, Ana, the English teacher gave me a very interesting task. She first told me to write an essay in Bosnian, and then to use a same topic, and write it in English. I did so, and difference was massive. The Bosnian essay was excellent, and essay written in English not even close as good. We finally found out what was the problem. Although, I was speaking English very well, the most of the words I knew came from different movies and TV shows. The English I was using was mostly made of slang words an terms. It was very good for easy conversation, but not that good for writing. This was a problem that I never completely solved. Despite my writing skills were improving all the time, my English essays were never that good and far away from those written in Bosnian. When it comes to writing the language barrier was insurmountable. The great ideas and thoughts were always coming to my mind, but I was never really able to write them down in English. However, I am pretty sure that I am not the only one with this problem. I think that there are many kids, especially in non-English speaking countries, which have same problems with overcoming language barrier. They all probably have great imagination and great ideas but cannot express them on piece of paper. Overcoming this language barrier was very tough task for me, and I have not finished it yet. Never less, I will keep trying and practicing until my English becomes as good as my Bosnian. I would strongly encourage all other internationals, with same problem, to keep trying and never give up. Because, one day, when we write an English essay and our teacher cannot tell that it’s written by an international; I will know that we made it!

An Analysis Of Tibets Governmental System and the Dalai Lama as Head o

An Analysis Of Tibet's Governmental System and the Dalai Lama as Head of State Throughout history, society has created many different governmental systems in order to organize society in terms of law and authority. Many have failed in their purpose but others have remained steadfast in their goals and have prospered. To fundamentally understand why this pattern occurs, we must understand the true function and purpose of government. Government serves two functions. Internally, government should serve the function as the ultimate enforcer of norms, the final arbitration of conflicting interests, and control the overall planning and direction of society. Externally, government should serve the function as the handler of war and the agent for diplomacy. Therefore, government acts as the agent of the entire people and enjoys a monopoly of force.[1] If a government fails, it fails in its function. An example of a governmental system that has held these functions in high regard and has remained steadfast is Tibet before the Chinese occupation in 19 50, with the integration Buddhism into a political system where the head of state is a religious figure, the position of Dalai Lama. Many have debated and criticized the mixture of religion and government but Tibet is an exception to the rule and these sentiments. There are many different factors that led to the stabilization and prosperity of the Tibetan state before the Chinese communist occupation in 1950. Most fundamentally, the integration of religion in a political system is maintained only in a society where the priesthood is seen as the highest general position and where membership in the profession is rigidly controlled by the priestly guild itself. This aw... ..., 1979. 3.Davis, Kingsley and Wilbert E. Moore. â€Å"Some Principals of Stratification†. American Sociological Review. 10: 242-249, 1945. 4. Diamond, Larry. â€Å"Three Paradoxes of Democracy.† The Global Resurgence of Democracy. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, 1996. 5. Harrer, Heinrich. Seven Years in Tibet. Putnam: New York, 1997. 6. Harris, Ian. ed. Buddhism and Politics: in 20th century Asia. Pinter: New York, 1999 7. Rahul, Ram. The Government & Politics of Tibet. Vikas: New Delhi, 1969. 8. Samuel, Geoffrey. â€Å"Tibet as a Stateless Society and some Islamic Parallels.† The Journal of Asian Studies. Vol. 41, No. 2 (Feb. 1982), 215-229. 9. Shakabpa, Tsepon. Tibet: A Political History. Potala Publications: New York, 1984. 10. Verhaegan, Ardy. The Dalai Lamas: The Institution and Its History. D.K. Printworld (P) Ltd.: New Delhi, 2002.

Promoting Computer Literacy Among Student Essay

A. TITLE OF THE POLICY PAPER Promoting Computer Literacy among Student in Lanao Del Sur B. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Through scientific and technological progress, the world has become a single global community. Modern means of telecommunication and transportation have fostered the rapid sharing of information, ideas and resources among the nations of the world. This is the challenge that faces Philippine society today – to become part of the global technological community. BELLAFLOR J. ANGARA-CASTILLO (The problem is focused on the low Computer Literacy among students in Lanao Del Sur) Living in the information Age; in this fast-paced era of globalization, computer literacy has been a necessary skill everyone must possess along with Arithmetic and Reading. It is in fact expected among students and workers in different institutions to be computer literate. The studies have revealed that many Meranaos and Non-Meranaos living in Lanao Del Sur are behind in Computer Literacy. In fact, many students in Lanao Del Sur are not even par with thosestudents in Luzon and urban areas. Survey on Internet Access and Use by Filipino SchoolchildrenFinal Report (Summary nationwide Findings)explain the reason why some Filipino Schoolchildren are not using internet. Reasons for not using the Internet centered mainly on the absence of Internetconnection at home/school (61%) and computer illiteracy (51%). Lack of Internetconnection at home may be due to economic reasons as well asparents’ low educational background, since 83 percent of the non-users arepublic school students.The high level of computer illiteracy should be a priority concern sinceâ€Å"competitiveness† and â€Å"survival† of children in today’s Knowledge Society is toa great extent dependent on digital literacy. Computer classes are notavailable in public elementary schools compared with private schools. Filipino schoolchildren are computer literate as almost three-fourths (74%)have access to the Internet. But schoolchildren in the Visayas and MetroManila have greater access than their counterparts in the Cordilleras andMindanao as approximately 9 out of 10 schoolchildren in these areas areInternet users. Schoolchildren from lower grades, i.e. elementary than high school students,have lesser access to Internet. Several reasons can be cited: while theDepartment of Education (DepED) has a program which provides computerpackages to public high schools, this is not available to public elementaryschools; elementary pupils are less mobile than older children, e.g. going tomalls; parents have more control on their activities and whereabouts, etc. Majority (51%) of schoolchildren reported â€Å"not knowing how to use thecomputer† as reason for not using the Internet, it is important that computerliteracy should now be included in the school curriculum especially in publicschools where computer illiteracy is more pronounced. (This survey shows that the people of Mindanao iss behind incomputer literacy compare to the people of Luzon and Visayas) This is an alarming issue since while other countries are devising robots already, our citizens (Filipinos) have not even explored much about computers or worse some have not even tried using it once. With the situation all the more the Philippines cannot compete with other countries. Computer Literacy is an important asset that every citizen should have. These canhelp in contributing to the workforce and equipping oneself with the information essential for ones’ development both personally and professionally. While other countries are on the milestone of invention and innovation, if this problem on poor computer literacy among students in Lanao Del Sur be unresolved, we will always be left behind still groping in trying how such innovation works. While they are already benefitting much to it, we are just about in the process of learning it. To gain a skill in Computer literacy is just but gaining access in the intricate system of technology melded by great minds that could pave the way for our development. 2. Causesand background of the problem Factors that lead to the development of the said problem are: First, school computers are not enough for the student. Some schools do have computers but this is not enough to accommodate every students. Sometimes only the students in first section are the one who are benefited in using computer. Second, the capability of teachers who teach computer subject. For those schools do have computer class the problem is the teachers do not have the quality to teach computer literacy because they don’t have any good background how to use the computer system properly. Third schools don’t have enough funds to buy computers equipment for their student. Schools especially in the remote areas don’t have enough budget or no budget at all to buy computer equipment for their students. 3. Undesirable social conditions that result from the problem. 1. The numbers of student who are illiterate in using computer will increase. Students of Lanao Del Sur who are computer illiterate will increase they become ignorant in using Information Technology (IT). 2. The student will not benefit of what technology brought to us. While other students of Luzon and Visayas are already benefited much to it, the students of Lanao Del Sur are just about in learning it. . 3. It will destroy the image of quality of education in our society. The quality of education in Lanao Del Sur will become low, because while students using the information technology our students still attached to the old technique of teaching education. When we say basic computer literacy we mean how to turn off/on the computer properly, how to use basic computer program such as, Microsoft Word, Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel and how to make e-mail account and send e-mail account. Computer literacy should be include in school curricula at early level in Grade school grade six and seven. In highs cool computer literacy to introduce to the student in year level 3rd and 4th year for them to master basic computer program. C. REVIEWS ON PREVIOUS EFFORT ON THE PROBLEM The Philippines Constitution 1987 has mandated â€Å"ARTICLE II Declaration of Principles & State Policies† and ARTICLE XIV Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports,says that the state shall give priority to Education, Promote and Protect the right of all students to quality education to all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education to all. There are some proposed House Bills and Senate Bill aim to promote technical and scientific literacy in computer education among the Filipino Youth. House Bill No. 880 AN ACT TO INTEGRATE COMPUTER EDUCATION INTO THE ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY CURRICULUM AND APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR House Bill No. 2096 AN ACT CREATING SPECIAL COMPUTER LITERACY EDUCATION PROGRAM FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES House Bill No. 447 AN ACT TO INTEGRATE COMPUTER EDUCATION INTO THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Senate Bill No. 1118 AN ACTTO INTEGRATE A COMPUTER EDUCATION PROGRAMINTO THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES All of these proposed bills say that it is the priority of a state to promote and support computer literacy at the earliest grade level both in the Public and Private schools system of the country. The state shall provide for an educational computer program integrated in the existing elementary and secondary school curricula. However, as observed, this not fully implemented. Perhaps, it was on the ground of lack of funds.â€Å"The main cause of this is the lack of funds.† Textbooks and school infrastructure alone are not much priority which themselves are not also resolved. To some schools blessed with few computers, the students cannot even learn from it since they were not given hands-on activities for them. Even if for some schools that have computer subjects in their school curriculum, the manner of instruction is not good enough. It was due to the fact that the school curriculum is not fully implemented. The subject exists but the classes for it are not executed. In some cases where there is computer class, the problem is on the teachers who themselves are computer illiterate. That is because they were product of traditional curriculum and weren’t provided with proper training for computer instruction. This again implies that a funding should also be allotted for training teachers who will handle computer subjects especially for those living in remote areas. Capability Building for Teachers School teachers also need training in media and information literacy. This willequip them with skills needed in making their students critical mediaproducers and consumers and at the same time provide teacherscompetencies in using media as teaching-learning tools. UNESCO hasproduced a model curriculum on Media and Information Literacy forSecondary School Teachers which can be adapted in local setting. The Internet has emerged as an important teaching-learning tool as learnersbetter appreciate the learning process when it is mediated. Teachers shouldbe provided with professional development opportunities to help them modeleffective use of the Internet as a tool for students’ learning, includingintegrating Internet learning with regular classroom learning.Schools should encourage blogging among students since it enhancescreativity and writing skills. The Education Sector (Department of Education, Public and PrivateSchools) Computer Facilities in All Schools While we recognize that even basic needs are still wanting in many public elementary and high schools, there is a need to address the digital dividebetween public and private schools. Still, many private schools in theregions also lack computer facilities. The Department of Education andother government agencies should come up with more â€Å"innovative†approaches in mobilizing resources for investing in computer acquisition.Some proposals have already been forwarded recently, e.g. tax on textingthe revenue to be used in acquiring computers for all public schoolsnationwide. Computer acquisition should be complemented by Internetconnectivity. With this seen problem, some NGO’s extended a helping hand.The USAID GEM-CLIC for instance together with its external links such as the (STEP-UP) Stop Trafficking and Exploitation of People Through Unlimited Potential), and the Microsoft Potential from US conducted Computer and Life Skills Training among youth especially for those out of school youth and vulnerable groups such as victims of human trafficking. Their goal is to provide Computer and Life Skills Training to equip Filipinos with these skills they can use for livelihood here instead of going abroad; thus to prevent being a victim of human trafficking. This project was launched in November 2009 in Patani Marawi City and has indeed produced batch of computer literate youth out of school and some adults. D. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE POLICY PAPER Computer Literacy is an asset for a society transforming and adapting tothe globalization trend. In this Information Age, where there’s an explosion of knowledge, grasping it can be possible with just the tip of your finger. Thus computer literacy is a big advantage among students and workforce. In fact, nowadays, computer literacy is always a big qualification searched for an applicant. Because whatever institutions are utilizing computers. The students and the workforce; whether teachers, clerks, staff from smallest to biggest business establishment and even in government institution will benefit from this trend provided they are computer literate. E. OBJECTIVE OF THE POLICY PROPOSAL General Objective This proposed policy aims to promote literacy in computer education among the students in Lanao Del Sur. This seeks to integrate basic computer education into school curriculum; this proposed policy also mandates sufficient funding for the program. Specific Objectives * Toask the government to provide funds for this project. * To urge the school administrator to a curriculum integrating computer class. * To have a strict implementation of computer literacy instructor among schools whereby an assessment on should be given to students to keep track of their development and to monitor as well as the conducting of computer class both by the DepEd and local government. F. STRATEGIES AND PROCEDURE ON HOW TO START THE POLICY MOVE 1. Inform Mrs. SafinaMacabando-BacaratthePrincipal of Marinaut Elementary School she is also concern with Computer Literacy. To check for any additional information or review of this proposed policy paper. 2. Inform Mrs. JalilaMacabando-Dimal a sister of Principal SafinaMacabando-Bacarat who is a Supervisor in East District to support this proposed policyand tell her co-Supervisors that they a need to pay attention to the problem of Computer Literacy in among students inLanao Del Sur. 3. Send a letter for an appointment with the head of local offices such as Department of Education (DepEd) in Lanao Del sur. Give them a copy of this proposed policy. Mrs. JalilaMacabando-Dimal would be able to convince Mrs.Mona A. MacatanongMarawi Superintendent and the DepEd since she is the supervisor of the East District. Discuss the problem about computer literacy among the students in L.D.S , to have strict impelentation in Computer education and inform every school who that their permit to operate a school will remove if they will not cooperate. 4. Connect with the NGO’ssuch as USAID together STEP-UP Stop Trafficking and Exploitations of People through Unlimited Potential and the Microsoft Potential from US conducted Computer and Life Skill Training. 5. Send a letter for an appointment with the Regional DepEdSecretary JamarKulayan, Mrs. JalilaMacabando-Dimal through Mona A. Macatanong if there’s an increase of literacy in computer education. 6. Meeting with the DepEd Secretary, Supervisors and Principals of different provinces in Lanao Del Sur and the NGOs to provide a real plan and a system in meeting the demands in providing more computers and increase of literacy in computer education. 7. Secure a copy as reference or review of this proposed policy paper in the congress.